Celtiberian

Abecedary¹

Vowel signs

Dual Western Celtiberian letter A

Dual Western Celtiberian letter E

Dual Western Celtiberian letter I

Dual Western Celtiberian letter O

Dual Western Celtiberian letter U

Stop signs

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ga × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ga ga	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ge × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ge ge	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Gi × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Gi gi	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Go × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Go go	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Gu × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Gu gu
Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ka × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ka ka	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ke × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ke ke	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ki × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ki ki	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ko × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ko ko	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ku × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ku ku
Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Be/Pe × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Be/Pe be/pe	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bo/Po × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bo/Po bo/po	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu
Dual Western Celtiberian letter Da × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Da da	Dual Western Celtiberian letter De × Dual Western Celtiberian letter De de	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Di × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Di di	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Do × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Do do	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Du × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Du du
Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ta × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ta ta	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Te × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Te te	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ti × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ti ti	Dual Western Celtiberian letter To × Dual Western Celtiberian letter To tu	Dual Western Celtiberian letter Tu × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Tu tu

Non-stop consonant signs

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Z × Dual Western Celtiberian letter Z z	Dual Western Celtiberian letter S × Dual Western Celtiberian letter S s	Dual Western Celtiberian letter R × Dual Western Celtiberian letter R R	Dual Western Celtiberian letter M × Dual Western Celtiberian letter M m	Dual Western Celtiberian letter N × Dual Western Celtiberian letter N n
Dual Western Celtiberian letter L × Dual Western Celtiberian letter L l

Vowel signs

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter A

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter E

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter I

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter O

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter U

Stop signs

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke ge/ke	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Go/Ko × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Go/Ko go/ko	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Gu/Ku × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Gu/Ku gu/ku
Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Be/Pe × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Be/Pe be/pe	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bo/Po × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bo/Po bo/po	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu
Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Da/Ta da/ta	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter De/Te × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter De/Te de/te	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Di/Ti × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Di/Ti di/ti	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Do/To × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Do/To do/to	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Du/Tu × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Du/Tu du/tu

Non-stop consonant signs

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Z × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Z z	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter S × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter S s	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter R × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter R r	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter M × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter M m	Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter N × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter N n
Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter L × Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter L l

Vowel signs

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter E

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter O

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter U

Stop signs

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga ga	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge ge	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi gi	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Go × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Go go	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gu × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gu gu
Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ka × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ka ka	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ke × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ke ke	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ki × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ki ki	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ko × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ko ko	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ku × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ku ku
Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Be/Pe × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Be/Pe be/pe	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bo/Po × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bo/Po bo/po	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu
Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da da	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De de	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Di × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Di di	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Do × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Do do	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du du
Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ta × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ta ta	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Te × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Te te	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ti × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ti ti	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter To × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter To tu	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Tu × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Tu tu

Non-stop consonant signs

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Z × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Z z	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S s	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R r	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter M × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter M m	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N n
Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L l

Vowel signs

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter E

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter O

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter U

Stop signs

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke ge/ke	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Go/Ko × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Go/Ko go/ko	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gu/Ku × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gu/Ku gu/ku
Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Be/Pe/div> × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Be/Pe be/pe	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bo/Po × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bo/Po bo/po	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu
Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da/Ta da/ta	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De/Te × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De/Te de/te	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Di/Ti × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Di/Ti di/ti	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Do/To × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Do/To do/to	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du/Tu × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du/Tu du/tu

Non-stop consonant signs

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Z × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Z z	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S s	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R r	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter M × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter M m	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N n
Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L l

Epigraphy^2-5

Dual Western Celtiberian

Bronze coin dating 150-120 BC, depicting a horseman holding a sickle and the word "turiazu".
(English description and transliteration - here)

Non-dual Western Celtiberian

Bronze coin dating 140-90 BCE, depicting a horseman with a spear and the word "ekualakos".
(English description and transliteration - here)

Dual Eastern Celtiberian

Silver coin dating 72-40 BCE, depicting a horseman with a spear and the word "kontebakom".
(English description and transliteration - here)

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian

Silver coin dating 110-80 BC, depicting a horseman with a spear and the word "sekobirikez".
(English description and transliteration - here)

Writing Script

Head of ox

House plan

Throw stick

Nile tilapia

Man with arms raised

Pear shaped mace

Two diagonal strokes

Plan of rectangular enclosure

Heart and trachea

Arm with downward facing palm

Hand

Crook

Water ripple

Cobra

Reed column

Eye

Wick

Mouth

Rush with shoots

Cord on stick

Head

Bow

Basket of fruit or grain

Crossed sticks

Egyptian Hieroglyphs

Logography
            
32 c. BCE - 4 c. CE

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. 06

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V28

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M39

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9

Dual Northeastern Iberian (Parent)

Semi-syllabary
5 c. BCE - 1 c. CE

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/u

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian (Sibling)

Semi-syllabary
5 c. BCE - 1 c. CE

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/u

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś

Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta

Dual Western Celtiberian

Semi-syllabary
3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE

Dual West Celtiberian letter A

Dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi

Dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa

Dual West Celtiberian letter Ga

Dual West Celtiberian letter Ka

Dual West Celtiberian letter Du

Dual West Celtiberian letter Tu

Dual West Celtiberian letter De

Dual West Celtiberian letter Te

Dual West Celtiberian letter I

Dual West Celtiberian letter Gi

Dual West Celtiberian letter Ki

Dual West Celtiberian letter Ge

Dual West Celtiberian letter Ke

Dual West Celtiberian letter L

Dual West Celtiberian letter N

Dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu

Dual West Celtiberian letter R

Dual West Celtiberian letter S

Dual West Celtiberian letter Da

Dual West Celtiberian letter Ta

Non-dual Western Celtiberian

Semi-syllabary
3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter A

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Du/Tu

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter De/Te

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter I

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter L

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter N

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter R

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter S

Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Da/Ta

Dual Eastern Celtiberian

Semi-syllabary
3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ka

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Tu

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Te

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ki

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ke

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ta

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian

Semi-syllabary
3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du/Tu

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De/Te

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da/Ta

Writing Script		Head of ox	House plan	Throw stick	Nile tilapia	Man with arms raised	Pear shaped mace	Two diagonal strokes	Plan of rectangular enclosure	Heart and trachea	Arm with downward facing palm	Hand	Crook	Water ripple	Cobra	Reed column	Eye	Wick	Mouth	Rush with shoots	Cord on stick	Head	Bow	Basket of fruit or grain	Crossed sticks
Egyptian Hieroglyphs	Logography 32 c. BCE - 4 c. CE	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1 𓃾 Head of Ox Ideogram for: kꜣ “cattle” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʀ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʀ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /kɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: ka	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1 𓉐 House plan Phonogram pr for: pr “house” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾəʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /poːɾ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /pɛr/ Conventional Anglicisation: per	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14 𓌙 Throw stick Determinative for “foreign” for: qmꜣ “create” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /kɛmɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: qema Ideogram in: ꜥꜣm “Asiatics” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːʔɑm/ Conventional Anglicisation: aam	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1 𓆛 Bulti fish Phonogram in for: int “bulti”	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28 𓀠 Man with arms raised Determinative for: ḥꜥi “rejoice”	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3 𓌉 Pear shaped mace Phonogram ḥḏ for: ḥḏ “mace”	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4 𓏭 Two diagonal strokes Determinative for duality	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. 06 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O6 𓉗 Plan of rectangular enclosure Ideogram for: ḥwt “temple, tomb, enclosure” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwiʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħoː(wə)/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħuːt/ Conventional Anglicisation: hut	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35 𓄤 Heart and windpipe Phonogram nfr for: nfr “good, beautiful” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiɾ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfə/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnoːfə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /nɛfɛr/ Conventional Anglicisation: nefer	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42 𓂣 Arm with downward facing palm Determinative or ideogram for: mḥ “cubit” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛħ/ Conventional Anglicisation: meh	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46 𓂧 Hand Phonogram d Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d/ Ideogram for: ḏrt “hand” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈcʼaːɾat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼaːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼoːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛrɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: djeret	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39 𓋿 Crook Phonogram ꜥwt for: ꜥwt “flock” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːuːt/ Conventional Anglicisation: aut	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35 𓈖 Water ripple Phonogram n Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /n/, /l/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /n/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10 𓆓 Cobra Phonogram ḏ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒ/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11 𓊽 Reed column Phonogram ḏd for: ḏd “stable” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼaːtʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼaːʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼoːʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛd/ Conventional Anglicisation: djed	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4 𓁹 Eye Phonogram for: jrj “to do, make” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /iri/ Conventional Anglicisation: iri Ideogram for: jrt “eye” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /irɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: iret	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V28 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V28 𓎛 Wick Phonogram ḥ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħ/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21 𓂋 Mouth Phonogram r Ideogram for: r “mouth” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/, ∅ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /r/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22 𓇑 Rush with roots Phonogram nḫb for: nḫbt “germination” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /nɛxbɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: nekhbet	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24 𓎗 Cord on stick Phonogram wḏ for: wḏ “command, decree” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /wɛd͡ʒ/ Conventional Anglicisation: wedj	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1 𓁶 Head Phonogram tp Determinative or ideogram for: tp “head” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/, or possibly /cʼap/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /tɛp/ Conventional Anglicisation: tepw	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a 𓌓 Bow Phonogram pd/pḏ for: pḏt “bow” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːcʼat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːtʼaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːtʼə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /pɛd͡ʒɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: pedjet	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M39 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M39 𓇨 Basket of fruit or grain Determinative for: rnpt “vegetables”	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9 𓏴 Crossed sticks Phonogram swꜣ for: swꜣ “pass”
Dual Northeastern Iberian (Parent)	Semi-syllabary 5 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A a	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi bi Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba ba	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/u × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/Tu du/tu					Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te de/te	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I i Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke ke	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L l		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N n				Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu bu			Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ ŕ	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś ś		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta da/ta
Non-dual Northeastern Iberian (Sibling)	Semi-syllabary 5 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A a	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi bi Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba ba	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/u × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/Tu du/tu					Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te de/te	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I i Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke ke	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L l		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N n				Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu bu			Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ ŕ	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś ś		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta da/ta
Dual Western Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Dual West Celtiberian letter A × Dual West Celtiberian letter A a	Dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Dual West Celtiberian letter Ga × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ga ga Dual West Celtiberian letter Ka × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ka ka	Dual West Celtiberian letter Du × Dual West Celtiberian letter Du du Dual West Celtiberian letter Tu × Dual West Celtiberian letter Tu tu					Dual West Celtiberian letter De × Dual West Celtiberian letter De de Dual West Celtiberian letter Te × Dual West Celtiberian letter Te te	Dual West Celtiberian letter I × Dual West Celtiberian letter I i Dual West Celtiberian letter Gi × Dual West Celtiberian letter Gi gi Dual West Celtiberian letter Ki × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ki ki	Dual West Celtiberian letter Ge × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ge ge Dual West Celtiberian letter Ke × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ke ke	Dual West Celtiberian letter L × Dual West Celtiberian letter L l		Dual West Celtiberian letter N × Dual West Celtiberian letter N n				Dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu			Dual West Celtiberian letter R × Dual West Celtiberian letter R r	Dual West Celtiberian letter S × Dual West Celtiberian letter S s		Dual West Celtiberian letter Da × Dual West Celtiberian letter Da da Dual West Celtiberian letter Ta × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ta ta
Non-dual Western Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter A × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter A a	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Du/Tu × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Du/Tu du/tu					Non-dual West Celtiberian letter De/Te × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter De/Te de/te	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter I × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter I i Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke ge/ke	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter L × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter L l		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter N × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter N n				Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu			Non-dual West Celtiberian letter R × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter R r	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter S × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter S s		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Da/Ta da/ta
Dual Eastern Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A a	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga ga Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ka × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ka ka	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du du Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Tu × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Tu tu					Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De de Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Te × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Te te	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I i Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi gi Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ki × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ki ki	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge ge Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ke × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ke ke	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L l		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N n				Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu			Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R r	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S s		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da da Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ta × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ta ta
Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A a	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du/Tu × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du/Tu du/tu					Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De/Te × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De/Te de/te	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I i Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke ge/ke	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L l		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N n				Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu			Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R r	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S s		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da/Ta da/ta

maˈtʼuww

Writing Scripts Descended from Egyptian Hieroglyphs

Celtiberian

Languages¹

Places¹

Abecedary¹

Vowel signs

Stop signs

Non-stop consonant signs

Vowel signs

Stop signs

Non-stop consonant signs

Vowel signs

Stop signs

Non-stop consonant signs

Vowel signs

Stop signs

Non-stop consonant signs

Epigraphy^2-5

Dual Western Celtiberian

Non-dual Western Celtiberian

Dual Eastern Celtiberian

Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian

Script comparison^1,6-9

Lineage^1,7,8,10,11

References

Celtiberian

Languages1

Places1

Abecedary1

Vowel signs

Dual Western Celtiberian letter A

Dual Western Celtiberian letter E

Dual Western Celtiberian letter I

Dual Western Celtiberian letter O

Dual Western Celtiberian letter U

Stop signs

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ga

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ge

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Gi

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Go

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Gu

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ka

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ke

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ki

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ko

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ku

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Be/Pe

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bo/Po

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Da

Dual Western Celtiberian letter De

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Di

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Do

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Du

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ta

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Te

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Ti

Dual Western Celtiberian letter To

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Tu

Non-stop consonant signs

Dual Western Celtiberian letter Z

Dual Western Celtiberian letter S

Dual Western Celtiberian letter R

Dual Western Celtiberian letter M

Dual Western Celtiberian letter N

Dual Western Celtiberian letter L

Vowel signs

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter A

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter E

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter I

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter O

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter U

Stop signs

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Go/Ko

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Gu/Ku

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Be/Pe

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bo/Po

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Da/Ta

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter De/Te

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Di/Ti

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Do/To

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Du/Tu

Non-stop consonant signs

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter Z

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter S

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter R

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter M

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter N

Non-dual Western Celtiberian letter L

Vowel signs

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter E

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter O

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter U

Stop signs

Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga

Languages¹

Places¹

Abecedary¹