Middle Persian (a.k.a. Pahlavi, Pārsīk)
Shuïpang, Bulayïq, East Turkestan
Isolated |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (isolated)𐮀ʾ
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth (isolated)𐮁b
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (isolated)𐮂g
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth (isolated)𐮃d
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter He (isolated)
×
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh (isolated)𐮅w, ʿ, r
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (isolated)𐮆z
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (isolated)𐮇h
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (isolated)𐮈j
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph (isolated)𐮉k
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (isolated)𐮊l
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (isolated)𐮋m, q
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Nun (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Nun (isolated)𐮌n
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (isolated)𐮍s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe (isolated)𐮎p
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe (isolated)𐮏s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (isolated)𐮐sh
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Taw (isolated)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Taw (isolated)𐮑t
|
Initial |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (initial)ʾ
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (initial)g
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (initial)z
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (initial)h
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (initial)j
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (initial)l
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (initial)m, q
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (initial)s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (initial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (initial)sh
|
|||||||||
Medial |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (medial)ʾ
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (medial)g
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (medial)z
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (medial)h
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (medial)j
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (medial)l
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (medial)m, q
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (medial)s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (medial)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (medial)sh
|
|||||||||
Final |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph (final)ʾ
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth (final)b
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel (final)g
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth (final)d
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter He (final) |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh (final)w, ʿ, r
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin (final)z
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth (final)h
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh (final)j
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph (final)k
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh (final)l
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph (final)m, q
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Nun (final) |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh (final)s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe (final)p
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe (final)s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin (final)sh
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Taw (final)
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Taw (final)t
|
A fragment of Pahlavi Psalter, a Middle Persian translation of a Syriac version of the Book of Psalms, Shuïpang, Bulayïq, East Turkestan. (Description - here)
Writing Script | Head of ox | House plan | Throw stick | Nile tilapia | Man with arms raised | Pear shaped mace | Two diagonal strokes | Plan of rectangular enclosure | Heart and trachea | Arm with downward facing palm | Hand | Crook | Water ripple | Cobra | Reed column | Eye | Mouth | Rush with shoots | Cord on stick | Head | Bow | Crossed sticks | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Logography |
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1𓃾Head of Ox
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1𓉐House plan
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14𓌙Throw stick
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1𓆛Bulti fish
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28𓀠Man with arms raised
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3𓌉Pear shaped mace
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4𓏭Two diagonal strokes
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. 06
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O6𓉗Plan of rectangular enclosure
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35𓄤Heart and windpipe
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42𓂣Arm with downward facing palm
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46𓂧Hand
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39𓋿Crook
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35𓈖Water ripple
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10𓆓Cobra
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11𓊽Reed column
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4𓁹Eye
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21𓂋Mouth
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22𓇑Rush with roots
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24𓎗Cord on stick
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1𓁶Head
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a𓌓Bow
|
![]() Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9
×
Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9𓏴Crossed sticks
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inscriptional Pahlavi (Parent) | Abjad |
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Aleph
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Aleph𐭠𐭠𐭋𐭐ʾ
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Beth
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Beth𐭡𐭡𐭕b
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Gimel
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Gimel𐭢𐭢𐭌𐭋g
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Daleth
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Daleth𐭣𐭣𐭫𐭲d
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter He
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh𐭥w, ʿ, r
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Zayin
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Zayin𐭦𐭦𐭩𐭭z
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Heth
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Heth𐭧𐭧𐭲h
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Teth
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Teth𐭨𐭨𐭲t
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Yodh
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Yodh𐭩𐭩𐭣j
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Kaph
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Kaph𐭪𐭪𐭯k
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Lamadh
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Lamadh𐭫𐭫𐭬𐭣l
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph𐭬m, q
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Nun
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Nun𐭭𐭭𐭭n
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Samekh
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Samekh𐭮𐭮𐭬𐭪s
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Pe
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Pe𐭯𐭯p
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Sadhe
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Sadhe𐭰𐭰𐭣s
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Shin
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Shin𐭱𐭱𐭭sh
|
![]() Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Taw
×
Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Taw𐭲𐭲𐭥t
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Book Pahlavi (Sibling) | Abjad |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Aleph-Heth
|
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Beth
|
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Gimel-Daleth-Yodh
×
Book Pahlavi letter Gimel-Daleth-Yodhg, d, y
|
![]() Old Book Pahlavi letter Daleth
×
Old Book Pahlavi letter Dalethd
|
![]() Book Pahlavi letter He |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Waw-Nun-Ayin-Resh
×
Book Pahlavi letter Waw-Nun-Ayin-Reshw, n, ʿ, r
|
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Zayin |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Kaph ![]() Old Book Pahlavi letter Kaph |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Lamedh ![]() Book Pahlavi letter Stroked Lamadh ![]() Book Pahlavi letter Hooked Lamadh
×
Book Pahlavi letter Hooked Lamadhl
![]() Old Book Pahlavi letter Lamedh
×
Old Book Pahlavi letter Lamedhl
|
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Samekh ![]() Alternate Book Pahlavi letter Samekh |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Pe |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Sadhe |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Shin |
![]() Book Pahlavi letter Taw |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Psalter Pahlavi | Abjad |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph𐮀𐮀𐮊𐮎ʾ
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth𐮁𐮁𐮑b
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel𐮂𐮂𐮋𐮊g
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth𐮃𐮃𐮊𐮑d
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter He |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh𐮅w, ʿ, r
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin
×
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth𐮇𐮇𐮑h
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh𐮈𐮈𐮃j
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph𐮉𐮉𐮎k
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh𐮊𐮊𐮋𐮃l
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph𐮋m, q
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Nun |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh𐮍𐮍𐮋𐮉s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe𐮎𐮎p
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe
×
Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe𐮏𐮏𐮃s
|
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin |
![]() Psalter Pahlavi letter Taw
×
|
1. Daniels, P. T., & Bright, W. (Eds.). (1996). The world’s writing systems. Oxford University Press.
2. Hunter, E. C. (2012). Syriac, Sogdian and Old Uyghur Manuscripts from Bulayïq. In A. Turfanica (Ed.), The History behind the Languages. Essays of the Turfan Forum on Old Languages of the Silk Road (pp. 79–93).
3. Everson M, Pournader R (2007). "L2/07-207R: Proposal for encoding the Inscriptional Parthian, Inscriptional Pahlavi, and Psalter Pahlavi scripts in the SMP of the UCS” Retrieved Janurary 18, 2024, from unicode.org website: https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2007/07207r-n3286r-parthian-pahlavi.pdf
4. Anonymous. (c. 6/7 c. CE). Pahlavi Psalter fragment. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences, Berlin, Germany. Retrieved Janurary 24, 2024, from https://scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=entry_detail&uid=j9mn462xpq
5. Colless, Brian E (1990). "The proto-alphabetic inscriptions of Sinai". Abr-Nahrain / Ancient Near Eastern Studies. 28: 1–52. doi:10.2143/anes.28.0.525711
6. Colless, Brian E (1991). "The proto-alphabetic inscriptions of Canaan". Abr-Nahrain / Ancient Near Eastern Studies. 29: 18–66. doi:10.2143/anes.29.0.525718
7. Pandey, A. (2018). Preliminary proposal to encode Book Pahlavi in Unicode. Unicode.org. https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2018/18276-book-pahlavi.pdf
8. Hoffmann, K. (1989). Avestan language. Encyclopaedia Iranica, 3, 47–52.