Cyrillic

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1

𓃾

Head of Ox

Ideogram for: kꜣ “cattle”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʀ/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʀ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʔ/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /kɑ/
Conventional Anglicisation: ka

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1

𓉐

House plan

Phonogram pr for: pr “house”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/
Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾəʔ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /poːɾ/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /pɛr/
Conventional Anglicisation: per

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14

𓌙

Throw stick

Determinative for “foreign” for: qmꜣ “create”
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /kɛmɑ/
Conventional Anglicisation: qema

Ideogram in: ꜥꜣm “Asiatics”
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːʔɑm/
Conventional Anglicisation: aam

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1

𓆛

Bulti fish

Phonogram in for: int “bulti”

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28

𓀠

Man with arms raised

Determinative for: ḥꜥi “rejoice”

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3

𓌉

Pear shaped mace

Phonogram ḥḏ for: ḥḏ “mace”

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4

𓏭

Two diagonal strokes

Determinative for duality

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O6

𓉗

Plan of rectangular enclosure

Ideogram for: ḥwt “temple, tomb, enclosure”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwit/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwiʔ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħoː(wə)/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħuːt/
Conventional Anglicisation: hut

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35

𓄤

Heart and windpipe

Phonogram nfr for: nfr “good, beautiful”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiɾ/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiʔ/
Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfə/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnoːfə/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /nɛfɛr/
Conventional Anglicisation: nefer

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42

𓂣

Arm with downward facing palm

Determinative or ideogram for: mḥ “cubit”
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛħ/
Conventional Anglicisation: meh

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46

𓂧

Hand

Phonogram d
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d/

Ideogram for: ḏrt “hand”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈcʼaːɾat/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼaːɾaʔ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼoːɾə/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛrɛt/
Conventional Anglicisation: djeret

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39

𓋿

Crook

Phonogram ꜥwt for: ꜥwt “flock”
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːuːt/
Conventional Anglicisation: aut

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35

𓈖

Water ripple

Phonogram n
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /n/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /n/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /n/, /l/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /n/

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10

𓆓

Cobra

Phonogram ḏ
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼ/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒ/

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11

𓊽

Reed column

Phonogram ḏd for: ḏd “stable”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼaːtʼ/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼaːʔ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼoːʔ/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛd/
Conventional Anglicisation: djed

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4

𓁹

Eye

Phonogram for: jrj “to do, make”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾit/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾiʔ/
Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾaʔ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /iri/
Conventional Anglicisation: iri

Ideogram for: jrt “eye”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾat/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾaʔ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /irɛt/
Conventional Anglicisation: iret

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21

𓂋

Mouth

Phonogram r
Ideogram for: r “mouth”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/, ∅
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /r/

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22

𓇑

Rush with roots

Phonogram nḫb for: nḫbt “germination”
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /nɛxbɛt/
Conventional Anglicisation: nekhbet

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24

𓎗

Cord on stick

Phonogram wḏ for: wḏ “command, decree”
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /wɛd͡ʒ/
Conventional Anglicisation: wedj

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1

𓁶

Head

Phonogram tp
Determinative or ideogram for: tp “head”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/, or possibly /cʼap/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /tɛp/
Conventional Anglicisation: tepw

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a

𓌓

Bow

Phonogram pd/pḏ for: pḏt “bow”
Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːcʼat/
Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːtʼaʔ/
Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːtʼə/
Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /pɛd͡ʒɛt/
Conventional Anglicisation: pedjet

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9

𓏴

Crossed sticks

Phonogram swꜣ for: swꜣ “pass”

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Alpha

Α

ΑΛΦΑ

a
IPA: /a/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Alpha (Α).

Numerical value: 1

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Beta

Β

ΒΗΤΑ

b
IPA: /b/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Beta (Β).

Numerical value: 2

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Gamma

Γ

ΓΑΜΜΑ

g
IPA: /g/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Gamma (Γ).

Numerical value: 3

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Delta

Δ

ΔΕΛΤΑ

d
IPA: /d/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Delta (Δ).

Numerical value: 4

Hellenistic Greek letter Epsilon

Ε

ΕΨΙΛΟΝ

Simple E

e
IPA: /e̞/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Epsilon (Ε).

Numerical value: 5

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Upsilon

Υ

ΥΨΙΛΟΝ

Simple U

y
IPA: /y/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Upsilon (Υ).

Numerical value: 400

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Zeta

Ζ

ΖΗΤΑ

z
IPA: /z/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Zeta (Ζ).

Numerical value: 7

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Eta

Η

ΗΤΑ

ē
IPA: /i/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Eta (Η).

Numerical value: 8

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Theta

Θ

ΘΗΤΑ

th
IPA: /tʰ/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Theta (Θ).

Numerical value: 9

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Iota

Ι

ΙΩΤΑ

i
IPA: /i/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Iota (Ι).

Numerical value: 10

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Kappa

Κ

ΚΑΠΠΑ

k
IPA: /k/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Kappa (Κ).

Numerical value: 20

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Lambda

Λ

ΛΑΜΒΔΑ

l
IPA: /l/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Lambda (Λ).

Numerical value: 30

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Mu

Μ

ΜΥ

m
IPA: /m/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Mu (Μ).

Numerical value: 40

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Nu

Ν

ΝΥ

n
IPA: /n/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Nu (Ν).

Numerical value: 50

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Xi

Ξ

ΞΙ

ks
IPA: /ks/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Xi (Ξ).

Numerical value: 60

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Omicron

Ο

ΟΜΙΚΡΟΝ

Small O

o
IPA: /o̞/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Omicron (Ο).

Numerical value: 70

Classical Greek Captial letter Pi

Π

ΠΙ

p
IPA: /p/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Pi (Π).

Numerical value: 80

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Rho

Ρ

ΡΟ

r
IPA: /r/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Rho (Ρ).

Numerical value: 100

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Sigma

Σ

ΣΙΓΜΑ

s
IPA: /s/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Sigma (Σ).

Numerical value: 200

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Tau

Τ

ΤΑΥ

t
IPA: /t/

Derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Tau (Τ).

Numerical value: 300

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Phi

Φ

ΦΙ

ph
IPA: /pʰ/

Likely derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Phi (Φ).

Numerical value: 500

Hellenistic Greek letter Chi

Χ

ΧΙ

kh
IPA: /kʰ/

Likely derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Chi (Χ).

Numerical value: 600

Slavonic Greek Uncial letter Psi

Ψ

ΨΙ

ps
IPA: /ps/

Likely derived from Sloping Greek Uncial letter Psi (Ψ).

Numerical value: 700