maˈtʼuww

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Writing Script		Head of ox		House plan		Throw stick		Nile tilapia			Man with arms raised				Pear shaped mace				Two diagonal strokes	Plan of rectangular enclosure		Heart and trachea		Arm with downward facing palm		Hand	Crook	Water ripple	Cobra	Reed column		Eye	Wick	Mouth	Rush with shoots			Cord on stick	Head	Bow				Basket of fruit or grain		Crossed sticks					Pool with lilies	Horned viper	Lily plant	Elephant tusk & papyrus scroll	Fire drill	Basket with handle	Arm holding conical loaf & bread
Egyptian Hieroglyphs	Logography 32 c. BCE - 4 c. CE	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1 𓃾 Head of Ox Ideogram for: kꜣ “cattle” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʀ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʀ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /kaʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /kɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: ka		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1 𓉐 House plan Phonogram pr for: pr “house” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾəʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /poːɾ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /pɛr/ Conventional Anglicisation: per		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14 𓌙 Throw stick Determinative for “foreign” for: qmꜣ “create” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /kɛmɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: qema Ideogram in: ꜥꜣm “Asiatics” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːʔɑm/ Conventional Anglicisation: aam		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1 𓆛 Bulti fish Phonogram in for: int “bulti”			Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28 𓀠 Man with arms raised Determinative for: ḥꜥi “rejoice”				Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3 𓌉 Pear shaped mace Phonogram ḥḏ for: ḥḏ “mace”				Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4 𓏭 Two diagonal strokes Determinative for duality	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. 06 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O6 𓉗 Plan of rectangular enclosure Ideogram for: ḥwt “temple, tomb, enclosure” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwiʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħoː(wə)/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħuːt/ Conventional Anglicisation: hut		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35 𓄤 Heart and windpipe Phonogram nfr for: nfr “good, beautiful” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiɾ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfə/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnoːfə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /nɛfɛr/ Conventional Anglicisation: nefer		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42 𓂣 Arm with downward facing palm Determinative or ideogram for: mḥ “cubit” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛħ/ Conventional Anglicisation: meh		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46 𓂧 Hand Phonogram d Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d/ Ideogram for: ḏrt “hand” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈcʼaːɾat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼaːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼoːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛrɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: djeret	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39 𓋿 Crook Phonogram ꜥwt for: ꜥwt “flock” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːuːt/ Conventional Anglicisation: aut	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35 𓈖 Water ripple Phonogram n Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /n/, /l/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /n/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10 𓆓 Cobra Phonogram ḏ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒ/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11 𓊽 Reed column Phonogram ḏd for: ḏd “stable” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼaːtʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼaːʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼoːʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛd/ Conventional Anglicisation: djed		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4 𓁹 Eye Phonogram for: jrj “to do, make” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /iri/ Conventional Anglicisation: iri Ideogram for: jrt “eye” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /irɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: iret	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V28 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V28 𓎛 Wick Phonogram ḥ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħ/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21 𓂋 Mouth Phonogram r Ideogram for: r “mouth” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/, ∅ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /r/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22 𓇑 Rush with roots Phonogram nḫb for: nḫbt “germination” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /nɛxbɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: nekhbet			Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24 𓎗 Cord on stick Phonogram wḏ for: wḏ “command, decree” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /wɛd͡ʒ/ Conventional Anglicisation: wedj	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1 𓁶 Head Phonogram tp Determinative or ideogram for: tp “head” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/, or possibly /cʼap/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /tɛp/ Conventional Anglicisation: tepw	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a 𓌓 Bow Phonogram pd/pḏ for: pḏt “bow” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːcʼat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːtʼaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpiːtʼə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /pɛd͡ʒɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: pedjet				Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M39 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M39 𓇨 Basket of fruit or grain Determinative for: rnpt “vegetables”		Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9 𓏴 Crossed sticks Phonogram swꜣ for: swꜣ “pass”					Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M8 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M8 𓆷 Pool with lilies Phonogram šꜣ for: šꜣ “marsh” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ʃɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: sha Ideogram for: ꜣḫt “Inundation” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑxɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: akhet	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I9 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I9 𓆑 Horned viper Phonogram f Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /f/ Determinative in: it “father”	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M12 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M12 𓆼 Lily plant Phonogram ḫꜣ, for: ḫꜣ “1,000” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʀ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʀ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /xɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: kha	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F18 & Y1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F18 𓄑 Tusk of elephant Phonogram bḥ or ḥw Determinative and Ideogram for: ibḥ “tooth” Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Y1 𓏛 Papyrus scroll Phonogram mḏꜣt Determinative and Ideogram for: ibḥ “tooth” Ideogram for: mḏꜣt “paypyrus roll, book” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛd͡ʒɑt/ Conventional Anglicisation: medjat Determinative for: rḫ “know” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /rɛx/ Conventional Anglicisation: rekh	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. U29 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. U29 𓍒 Fire drill (Variation of Gardiner No. U28) Phonogram ḏꜣ for: ꜥnḫ.(w) (w)ḏꜣ snb “may he live, be prosperous, be healthy” Conventional Anglicisation: ankh wedja seneb	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V31 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V31 𓎡 Basket with handle Phonogram k Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /k/	Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D37 & X1 × Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D37 𓂞 Arm holding conical loaf Phonogram dj for: rḏj “give” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾV)ˈcʼiːjit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾV)ˈtʼiːjiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾə)ˈtʼiːʔəʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼiːʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /rɛd͡ʒi/ Conventional Anglicisation: redji Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. X1 𓏏 Small bread loaf Phonogram t Ideogram for: t “bread” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /t/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t/, /t͡ʃ/, /ʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t/, /t͡ʃ/, /ʔ/, ∅ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /t/
Hieratic Egyptian	Logography 32 c. BCE - 3 c. CE			Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. O1 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. O1 House plan Phonogram pr for: pr “house” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾuw/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈpaːɾəʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /poːɾ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /pɛr/ Conventional Anglicisation: per		Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. T14 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. T14 Throw stick Determinative for “foreign” for: qmꜣ “create” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /kɛmɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: qema Ideogram in: ꜥꜣm “Asiatics” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːʔɑm/ Conventional Anglicisation: aam													Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. Z4 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. Z4 Two diagonal strokes Determinative for duality	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. 06 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. O6 Plan of rectangular enclosure Ideogram for: ḥwt “temple, tomb, enclosure” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħaːwiʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈħoː(wə)/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħuːt/ Conventional Anglicisation: hut		Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. F35 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. F35 Heart and windpipe Phonogram nfr for: nfr “good, beautiful” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiɾ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnaːfə/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈnoːfə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /nɛfɛr/ Conventional Anglicisation: nefer		Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D42 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D42 Arm with downward facing palm Determinative or ideogram for: mḥ “cubit” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛħ/ Conventional Anglicisation: meh		Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D46 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D46 Hand Phonogram d Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t͡ʃʼ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d/ Ideogram for: ḏrt “hand” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈcʼaːɾat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼaːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼoːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒɛrɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: djeret	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. S39 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. S39 Crook Phonogram ꜥwt for: ꜥwt “flock” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːuːt/ Conventional Anglicisation: aut	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. N35 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. N35 Water ripple Phonogram n Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /n/, /l/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /n/	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I10 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I10 Cobra Phonogram ḏ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒ/			Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D4 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D4 Eye Phonogram for: jrj “to do, make” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /iri/ Conventional Anglicisation: iri Ideogram for: jrt “eye” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾat/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈjiːɾaʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈʔiːɾə/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /irɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: iret	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V28 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V28 Wick Phonogram ḥ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħ/	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D21 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D21 Mouth Phonogram r Ideogram for: r “mouth” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/, ∅ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /r/					Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D21 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D1 Head Phonogram tp Determinative or ideogram for: tp “head” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/, or possibly /cʼap/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /tʼap/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /tɛp/ Conventional Anglicisation: tepw												Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M8 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M8 Pool with lilies Phonogram šꜣ for: šꜣ “marsh” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ʃɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: sha Ideogram for: ꜣḫt “Inundation” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑxɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: akhet	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I9 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I9 Horned viper Phonogram f Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /f/ Determinative in: it “father”	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M12 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M12 Lily plant Phonogram ḫꜣ, for: ḫꜣ “1,000” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʀ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʀ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /xɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: kha	Hieratic Egyptian, Gardiner No. F18 & Y1 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. F18 Tusk of elephant Phonogram bḥ or ḥw Determinative and Ideogram for: ibḥ “tooth” Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. Y1 Papyrus scroll Phonogram mḏꜣt Determinative and Ideogram for: ibḥ “tooth” Ideogram for: mḏꜣt “paypyrus roll, book” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛd͡ʒɑt/ Conventional Anglicisation: medjat Determinative for: rḫ “know” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /rɛx/ Conventional Anglicisation: rekh	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. U29 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. U29 Fire drill (Variation of Gardiner No. U28) Phonogram ḏꜣ for: ꜥnḫ.(w) (w)ḏꜣ snb “may he live, be prosperous, be healthy” Conventional Anglicisation: ankh wedja seneb	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V31 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V31 𓎡 Basket with handle Phonogram k Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /k/	Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D37 & X1 × Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D37 Arm holding conical loaf Phonogram dj for: rḏj “give” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾV)ˈcʼiːjit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾV)ˈtʼiːjiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾə)ˈtʼiːʔəʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼiːʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /rɛd͡ʒi/ Conventional Anglicisation: redji Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. X1 Small bread loaf Phonogram t Ideogram for: t “bread” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /t/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t/, /t͡ʃ/, /ʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t/, /t͡ʃ/, /ʔ/, ∅ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /t/
Demotic Egyptian	Logography 650 BCE - 5 c. CE																							Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D42 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D42 Arm with downward facing palm Determinative or ideogram for: mḥ “cubit” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛħ/ Conventional Anglicisation: meh			Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. S39 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. S39 Crook Phonogram ꜥwt for: ꜥwt “flock” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑːuːt/ Conventional Anglicisation: aut	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. N35 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. N35 Water ripple Phonogram n Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /n/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /n/, /l/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /n/	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I10 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I10 Cobra Phonogram ḏ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /cʼ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /tʼ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /d͡ʒ/				Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V28 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V28 Wick Phonogram ḥ Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ħ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ħ/	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D21 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D21 Mouth Phonogram r Ideogram for: r “mouth” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ɾ/, /l/, /ʔ/, /j/, ∅ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /r/																	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M8 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M8 Pool with lilies Phonogram šꜣ for: šꜣ “marsh” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ʃɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: sha Ideogram for: ꜣḫt “Inundation” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /ɑxɛt/ Conventional Anglicisation: akhet	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I9 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I9 Horned viper Phonogram f Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /f/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /f/ Determinative in: it “father”	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M12 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. M12 Lily plant Phonogram ḫꜣ, for: ḫꜣ “1,000” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʀ/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʀ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /χaʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /xɑ/ Conventional Anglicisation: kha	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. F18 & Y1 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. F18 Tusk of elephant Phonogram bḥ or ḥw Determinative and Ideogram for: ibḥ “tooth” Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. Y1 Papyrus scroll Phonogram mḏꜣt Determinative and Ideogram for: ibḥ “tooth” Ideogram for: mḏꜣt “paypyrus roll, book” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /mɛd͡ʒɑt/ Conventional Anglicisation: medjat Determinative for: rḫ “know” Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /rɛx/ Conventional Anglicisation: rekh	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. U29 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. U29 Fire drill Phonogram ḏꜣ for: ꜥnḫ.(w) (w)ḏꜣ snb “may he live, be prosperous, be healthy” Conventional Anglicisation: ankh wedja seneb	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V31 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V31 Basket with handle Phonogram k Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /k/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /k/	Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D37 & X1 × Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D37 Arm holding conical loaf Phonogram dj for: rḏj “give” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾV)ˈcʼiːjit/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾV)ˈtʼiːjiʔ/ Reconstructed Medio-Late Egyptian pronunciation: /(ɾə)ˈtʼiːʔəʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /ˈtʼiːʔ/ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /rɛd͡ʒi/ Conventional Anglicisation: redji Demotic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. X1 Small bread loaf Phonogram t Ideogram for: t “bread” Reconstructed Old Egyptian pronunciation: /t/ Reconstructed Middle Egyptian pronunciation: /t/, /t͡ʃ/, /ʔ/ Reconstructed Late Egyptian pronunciation: /t/, /t͡ʃ/, /ʔ/, ∅ Modern Egyptological pronunciation: /t/
Meroitic Cursive	Abugida 3 c. BCE - 6 c. CE	Meroitic cursive letter O × Meroitic cursive letter O 𐦣																										Meroitic cursive letter Na × Meroitic cursive letter Na 𐦩						Meroitic cursive letter Ra × Meroitic cursive letter Ra 𐦫																	Meroitic cursive letter Sa × Meroitic cursive letter Sa 𐦯
Proto-Sinaitic	Abjad 19 c. BCE - 15 c. BCE	Proto-Sinaitic letter ʾalp × Proto-Sinaitic letter ʾalp Ox ʾ IPA: /ʔ/		Proto-Sinaitic letter Bayt × Proto-Sinaitic letter Bayt House b IPA: /b/		Proto-Sinaitic letter Gaml × Proto-Sinaitic letter Gaml Throwstick g IPA: /g/		Proto-Sinaitic letter Dag × Proto-Sinaitic letter Dag Fish d IPA: /d/			Proto-Sinaitic letter Haw/Hillul × Proto-Sinaitic letter Haw/Hillul Praise h IPA: /h/				Proto-Sinaitic Was/Uph × Proto-Sinaitic letter Was/Uph Fowl w IPA: /w/				Proto-Sinaitic letter Zayn/Zayt × Proto-Sinaitic letter Zayn/Zayt Oxhide ingot/sword z IPA: /z/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Ḥaṣr × Proto-Sinaitic letter Ḥaṣr Courtyard or thread ḥ IPA: /ħ/ or /x/		Proto-Sinaitic letter Ṭab × Proto-Sinaitic letter Ṭab Wheel ṭ IPA: /tˤ/		Proto-Sinaitic letter Yad × Proto-Sinaitic letter Yad Hand j IPA: /j/		Proto-Sinaitic letter Kap × Proto-Sinaitic letter Kap Palm k IPA: /k/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Lamd × Proto-Sinaitic letter Lamd Goad l IPA: /l/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Maym × Proto-Sinaitic letter Maym Water m IPA: /m/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Naḥaš × Proto-Sinaitic letter Naḥaš Snake n IPA: /n/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Ṡamk × Proto-Sinaitic letter Ṡamk Peg s IPA: /s/		Proto-Sinaitic letter ‘ayn × Proto-Sinaitic letter ‘ayn Eye ʿ IPA: /ʕ/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Ġabiʿ × Proto-Sinaitic letter Ġabiʿ Calyx ġ IPA: /ɣ/	Proto-Sinaitic letter P’it × Proto-Sinaitic letter P’it Corner p IPA: /p/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Ṣaday × Proto-Sinaitic letter Ṣaday Plant ṣ IPA: /sˤ/			Proto-Sinaitic letter Qoba × Proto-Sinaitic letter Qoba Needle/nape/monkey q IPA: /kˤ/ or /q/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Raʾš × Proto-Sinaitic letter Raʾš Head r IPA: /r/	Proto-Sinaitic letter Šimš × Proto-Sinaitic letter Šimš Bow š IPA: /ʃ/				Proto-Sinaitic letter Śadeh × Proto-Sinaitic letter Śadeh Field, land or bow θ IPA: /ɬ/ or /θ/		Proto-Sinaitic letter Tāw × Proto-Sinaitic letter Tāw Mark t IPA: /t/
Ugaritic	Abjad 15/13 c. BCE - ???	Ugaritic letter Alpa × Ugaritic letter Alpa 𐎀 ʾa IPA: /ʔa/		Ugaritic letter Beta × Ugaritic letter Beta 𐎁 b IPA: /b/		Ugaritic letter Gamla × Ugaritic letter Gamla 𐎂 g IPA: /g/		Ugaritic letter Delta × Ugaritic letter Delta 𐎄 d IPA: /d/			Ugaritic letter Ho × Ugaritic letter Ho 𐎅 h IPA: /h/				Ugaritic letter Wo × Ugaritic letter Wo 𐎆 w IPA: /w/				Ugaritic letter Zeta × Ugaritic letter Zeta 𐎇 z IPA: /z/	Ugaritic letter Hota × Ugaritic letter Hota 𐎈 ḥ IPA: /ħ/		Ugaritic letter Tet × Ugaritic letter Tet 𐎉 ṭ IPA: /tˤ/		Ugaritic letter Yod × Ugaritic letter Yod 𐎊 y IPA: /j/		Ugaritic letter Kaf × Ugaritic letter Kaf 𐎋 k IPA: /k/	Ugaritic letter Lamda × Ugaritic letter Lamda 𐎍 l IPA: /l/	Ugaritic letter Mem × Ugaritic letter Mem 𐎎 m IPA: /m/	Ugaritic letter Nun × Ugaritic letter Nun 𐎐 n IPA: /n/	Ugaritic letter Samka × Ugaritic letter Samka 𐎒 s IPA: /s/		Ugaritic letter Ain × Ugaritic letter Ain 𐎓 ʿ IPA: /ʕ/	Ugaritic letter Ghain × Ugaritic letter Ghain 𐎙 ġ IPA: /ɣ/	Ugaritic letter Pu × Ugaritic letter Pu 𐎔 p IPA: /p/	Ugaritic letter Sade × Ugaritic letter Sade 𐎕 ṣ IPA: /sˤ/			Ugaritic letter Qopa × Ugaritic letter Qopa 𐎖 q IPA: /q/	Ugaritic letter Rasha × Ugaritic letter Rasha 𐎗 r IPA: /r/	Ugaritic letter Shin × Ugaritic letter Shin 𐎌 š IPA: /ʃ/						Ugaritic letter To × Ugaritic letter To 𐎚 t IPA: /t/
Phoenician	Abjad 12 c. BCE - 135 BCE	Phoenician letter ʾālep × Phoenician letter ʾālep 𐤀 𐤀𐤋𐤐 Ox, head of cattle ʾ IPA: [ʔ]		Phoenician letter Bēt × Phoenician letter Bēt 𐤁 𐤁𐤕 House b IPA: [b]		Phoenician letter Gīml × Phoenician letter Gīml 𐤂 𐤂𐤌𐤋 Throwing stick (or camel) g IPA: [g]		Phoenician letter Dālet × Phoenician letter Dālet 𐤃 𐤃𐤋𐤕 Door (or fish) d IPA: [d]			Phoenician letter He × Phoenician letter He 𐤄 𐤄 Window (or jubilation) h IPA: [h]				Phoenician letter Wāw × Phoenician letter Wāw 𐤅 𐤅𐤅 Hook w IPA: [w]				Phoenician letter Zajin/Zayin × Phoenician letter Zajin/Zayin 𐤆 𐤆𐤉𐤍 Weapon (or manacle) z IPA: [z]	Phoenician letter Hēt × Phoenician letter Hēt 𐤇 𐤇𐤕 Courtyard/wall ḥ IPA: [ħ]		Phoenician letter Ṭēt × Phoenician letter Ṭēt 𐤈 𐤈𐤕 Wheel ṭ IPA: [tˤ]		Phoenician letter Yod × Phoenician letter Yod 𐤉 𐤉𐤃 Arm, hand j IPA: [j]		Phoenician letter Kāp × Phoenician letter Kāp 𐤊 𐤊𐤐 Palm of a hand k IPA: [k]	Phoenician letter Lāmed × Phoenician letter Lāmed 𐤋 𐤋𐤌𐤃 Goad l IPA: [l]	Phoenician letter Mēm × Phoenician letter Mēm 𐤌 𐤌𐤌 Water m IPA: [m]	Phoenician letter Nūn × Phoenician letter Nūn 𐤍 𐤍𐤍 Serpent (or fish) n IPA: [n]	Phoenician letter Śāmek × Phoenician letter Śāmek 𐤎 𐤎𐤌𐤊 Pillar s IPA: [s]		Phoenician letter ʿayin × Phoenician letter ʿayin 𐤏 𐤏𐤉𐤍 Eye ʿ IPA: [ʕ]		Phoenician letter Pē × Phoenician letter Pē 𐤐 𐤐 Mouth (or corner) p IPA: [p]	Phoenician letter Ṩādē × Phoenician letter Ṩādē 𐤑 𐤑𐤃 Papyrus plant/fish hook ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Phoenician letter Qōp × Phoenician letter Qōp 𐤒 𐤒𐤐 Needle eye q IPA: [q]	Phoenician letter Rēs/Resh × Phoenician letter Rēs/Resh 𐤓 𐤓𐤔 Head r IPA: [r]	Phoenician letter Šīn × Phoenician letter Šīn 𐤔 𐤔𐤍 Tooth (or sun) š IPA: [ʃ]						Phoenician letter Tāw × Phoenician letter Tāw 𐤕 𐤕𐤅 Mark t IPA: [t]
Paleo-Hebrew	Abjad 10 c. BCE - 135 CE	Paleo-Hebrew letter ʾālep × Paleo-Hebrew letter ʾālep 𐤀𐤋𐤐 Head of cattle ʾ IPA: [ʔ]		Paleo-Hebrew letter Bēt × Paleo-Hebrew letter Bēt 𐤁𐤕 House b IPA: [b]		Paleo-Hebrew letter Gīml × Paleo-Hebrew letter Gīml 𐤂𐤌𐤋 Throwing stick g IPA: [g]		Paleo-Hebrew letter Dālet × Paleo-Hebrew letter Dālet 𐤃𐤋𐤕 Door d IPA: [d]			Paleo-Hebrew letter He × Paleo-Hebrew letter He 𐤄 Window or jubilation h IPA: [h]				Paleo-Hebrew letter Wāw × Paleo-Hebrew letter Wāw 𐤅𐤅 Hook w IPA: [w]				Paleo-Hebrew letter Zajin/Zayin × Paleo-Hebrew letter Zajin/Zayin 𐤆𐤉𐤍 Weapon z IPA: [z]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Hēt × Paleo-Hebrew letter Hēt 𐤇𐤕 Courtyard or thread ḥ IPA: [ħ]		Paleo-Hebrew letter Ṭēt × Paleo-Hebrew letter Ṭēt 𐤈𐤕 Wheel ṭ IPA: [tˤ]		Paleo-Hebrew letter Yod × Paleo-Hebrew letter Yod 𐤉𐤃 Arm, hand j IPA: [j]		Paleo-Hebrew letter Kāp × Paleo-Hebrew letter Kāp 𐤊𐤐 Palm of a hand k IPA: [k]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Lāmed × Paleo-Hebrew letter Lāmed 𐤋𐤌𐤃 Goad l IPA: [l]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Mēm × Paleo-Hebrew letter Mēm 𐤌𐤌 Water m IPA: [m]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Nūn × Paleo-Hebrew letter Nūn 𐤍𐤍 Fish n IPA: [n]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Śāmek × Paleo-Hebrew letter Śāmek 𐤎𐤌𐤊 Pillar, support s IPA: [s]		Paleo-Hebrew letter ʿayin × Paleo-Hebrew letter ʿayin 𐤏𐤉𐤍 Eye ʿ IPA: [ʕ]		Paleo-Hebrew letter Pē × Paleo-Hebrew letter Pē 𐤐 Mouth p IPA: [p]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Ṩādē × Paleo-Hebrew letter Ṩādē 𐤑𐤃 ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Paleo-Hebrew letter Qōp × Paleo-Hebrew letter Qōp 𐤒𐤐 q IPA: [q]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Rēs/Resh × Paleo-Hebrew letter Rēs/Resh 𐤓𐤔 Head r IPA: [r]	Paleo-Hebrew letter Šīn × Paleo-Hebrew letter Šīn 𐤔𐤍 Tooth š IPA: [ʃ]						Paleo-Hebrew letter Tāw × Paleo-Hebrew letter Tāw 𐤕𐤅 Mark, sign t IPA: [t]
Samaritan	Abjad 6 c. BCE - Present	Samaritan letter Ā'lāf × Samaritan letter Ā'lāf ࠀ ʾ		Samaritan letter Bīt × Samaritan letter Bīt ࠁ b		Samaritan letter Gā'mān × Samaritan letter Gā'mān ࠂ g		Samaritan letter Dā'lāt × Samaritan letter Dā'lāt ࠃ d			Samaritan letter Īy × Samaritan letter Īy ࠄ h				Samaritan letter Bā̊ × Samaritan letter Bā̊ ࠅ w				Samaritan letter Zēn × Samaritan letter Zēn ࠆ z	Samaritan letter Īt × Samaritan letter Īt ࠇ ḥ		Samaritan letter Ṭīt × Samaritan letter Ṭīt ࠈ ṭ		Samaritan letter Yūt × Samaritan letter Yūt ࠉ y		Samaritan letter Kā̊f × Samaritan letter Kā̊f ࠊ k	Samaritan letter Lā'bāt × Samaritan letter Lā'bāt ࠋ l	Samaritan letter Mīm × Samaritan letter Mīm ࠌ m	Samaritan letter Nūn × Samaritan letter Nūn ࠍ n	Samaritan letter Sin'gā̊t × Samaritan letter Sin'gā̊t ࠎ s		Samaritan letter Īn × Samaritan letter Īn ࠏ ʿ		Samaritan letter Fī × Samaritan letter Fī ࠐ f	Samaritan letter Ṣā̊'dīy × Samaritan letter Ṣā̊'dīy ࠑ ṣ			Samaritan letter Qūf × Samaritan letter Qūf ࠒ q	Samaritan letter Rīš × Samaritan letter Rīš ࠓ r	Samaritan letter × Samaritan letter Šān ࠔ š						Samaritan letter Tā̊f × Samaritan letter Tā̊f ࠕ t
Aramaic	Abjad 8 c. BCE - 6 c. CE	Aramaic letter Ālaph × Aramaic letter Ālaph 𐡀𐡐𐡓 ʾ IPA: /ʔ/; /aː/, /eː/		Aramaic letter Bēth × Aramaic letter Bēth 𐡁𐡕 b IPA: /b/, /v/		Aramaic letter Gāmal × Aramaic letter Gāmal 𐡂𐡌𐡋 g IPA: /ɡ/, /ɣ/		Aramaic letter Dālath × Aramaic letter Dālath 𐡃𐡋𐡕 d IPA: /d/, /ð/			Aramaic letter Hē × Aramaic letter Hē 𐡄 h IPA: /h/				Aramaic letter Waw × Aramaic letter Waw 𐡅𐡅 w IPA: /w/; /oː/, /uː/				Aramaic letter Zain × Aramaic letter Zain 𐡆𐡉𐡍 z IPA: /z/	Aramaic letter Khēth × Aramaic letter Khēth 𐡇𐡕 ḥ IPA: /ħ/		Aramaic letter Ṭēth × Aramaic letter Ṭēth 𐡈𐡕 ṭ IPA: /tˤ/		Aramaic letter Iodh × Aramaic letter Iodh 𐡉𐡃 j IPA: /j/; /iː/, /eː/		Aramaic letter Kāph × Aramaic letter Kāph 𐡊𐡐 k IPA: /k/, /x/	Aramaic letter Lāmadh × Aramaic letter Lāmadh 𐡋𐡌𐡃 l IPA: /l/	Aramaic letter Mem × Aramaic letter Mem 𐡌𐡌 m IPA: /m/	Aramaic letter Nun × Aramaic letter Nun 𐡍𐡍 n IPA: /n/	Aramaic letter Semkath × Aramaic letter Semkath 𐡎𐡌𐡊 s IPA: /s/		Aramaic letter Ayin × Aramaic letter Ayin 𐡏𐡉𐡍 ʿ IPA: /ʕ/		Aramaic letter Pē × Aramaic letter Pē 𐡐 p IPA: /p/, /f/	Aramaic letter Ṩādhē × Aramaic letter Ṩādhē 𐡑𐡃 ṣ IPA: /sˤ/			Aramaic letter Qoph × Aramaic letter Qoph 𐡒𐡐 q IPA: /q/	Aramaic letter Rēš × Aramaic letter Rēš 𐡓𐡔 r IPA: /r/	Aramaic letter Šīn × Aramaic letter Šīn 𐡔𐡍 š IPA: /ʃ/						Aramaic letter Taw × Aramaic letter Taw 𐡕𐡅 t IPA: /t/, /θ/
Kharoṣṭhī	Abugida 4 c. BCE - 3 c. CE	Kharoṣṭhī letter A × Kharoṣṭhī letter A 𐨀 a IPA: /ə/		Kharoṣṭhī letter Ba × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ba 𐨦 ba IPA: /bə/		Kharoṣṭhī letter Ga × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ga 𐨒 ga IPA: /gə/		Kharoṣṭhī letter Dha × Kharoṣṭhī letter Dha 𐨢 dha IPA: /dʰə/			Kharoṣṭhī letter Ha × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ha 𐨱 ha IPA: /hə/				Kharoṣṭhī letter Va × Kharoṣṭhī letter Va 𐨬 va IPA: /ʋə/				Kharoṣṭhī letter Ja × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ja 𐨗 ja IPA: /ɟə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter Gha × Kharoṣṭhī letter Gha 𐨓 gha IPA: /gʰə/		Kharoṣṭhī letter Tha × Kharoṣṭhī letter Tha 𐨠 tha IPA: /tʰə/		Kharoṣṭhī letter Ya × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ya 𐨩 ya IPA: /jə/		Kharoṣṭhī letter Ka × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ka 𐨐 ka IPA: /kə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter La × Kharoṣṭhī letter La 𐨫 la IPA: /lə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter Ma × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ma 𐨨 ma IPA: /mə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter Na × Kharoṣṭhī letter Na 𐨣 na IPA: /nə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter Śa × Kharoṣṭhī letter Śa 𐨭 śa IPA: /ɕə/				Kharoṣṭhī letter P × Kharoṣṭhī letter Pa 𐨤 pa IPA: /pə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter Sa × Kharoṣṭhī letter Sa 𐨯 sa IPA: /sə/			Kharoṣṭhī letter Kha × Kharoṣṭhī letter Kha 𐨑 kha IPA: /kʰə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter Ra × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ra 𐨪 ra IPA: /rə/	Kharoṣṭhī letter Ṣa × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ṣa 𐨮 ṣa IPA: /ʂə/						Kharoṣṭhī letter Ta × Kharoṣṭhī letter Ta 𐨟 ta IPA: /tə/
Early/Ashokan Brahmi	Abugida 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Early Brahmi letter A		Early Brahmi letter Ba		Early Brahmi letter Ga		Early Brahmi letter Dha			Early Brahmi letter Ha				Early Brahmi letter Va				Early Brahmi letter Ja	Early Brahmi letter Gha		Early Brahmi letter Tha		Early Brahmi letter Ya		Early Brahmi letter Ka	Early Brahmi letter La	Early Brahmi letter Ma	Early Brahmi letter Na	Early Brahmi letter Ṣa		Early Brahmi letter E		Early Brahmi letter Pa	Early Brahmi letter Ca			Early Brahmi letter Kha	Early Brahmi letter Ra	Early Brahmi letter Śa						Early Brahmi letter Ta
Tamil-Brahmi	Abugida c. 3 c. BCE - c. 1 c. CE
Pallava	Abugida 4 c. CE - 8 c. CE	Pallava letter A		Pallava letter Ba		Pallava letter Ga		Pallava letter Dha			Pallava letter Ha				Pallava letter Va				Pallava letter Ja			Pallava letter Tha		Pallava letter Ya		Pallava letter Ka	Pallava letter La	Pallava letter Ma	Pallava letter Na	Pallava letter Ṣa		Pallava letter E		Pallava letter Pa				Pallava letter Kha	Pallava letter Ra	Pallava letter Śa						Pallava letter Ta
Cham	Abugida 4 c. CE - Present	Cham letter A		Cham letter Ba		Cham letter Ga		Cham letter Dha			Cham letter Ha								Cham letter Ja			Cham letter Tha		Cham letter Ya		Cham letter Ka	Cham letter La	Cham letter Ma	Cham letter Na	Cham letter Ṣa		Cham letter E		Cham letter Pa	Cham letter Ca			Cham letter Kha	Cham letter Ra							Cham letter Ta
Tamil	Abugida 5 c. CE - Present	Tamil letter A									Tamil letter Ha				Tamil letter Va				Tamil letter Ja					Tamil letter Ya		Tamil letter Ka	Tamil letter La	Tamil letter Ma	Tamil letter Na	Tamil letter Ṣa		Tamil letter E		Tamil letter Pa					Tamil letter Ra	Tamil letter Śa						Tamil letter Ta
Old Mon	Abugida 6 c. CE - ???	Old Mon letter A		Old Mon letter B		Old Mon letter G		Old Mon letter Dh			Old Mon letter H								Old Mon letter J			Old Mon letter Th		Old Mon letter Y		Old Mon letter K	Old Mon letter L	Old Mon letter M						Old Mon letter P				Old Mon letter Kh	Old Mon letter R							Old Mon letter T
Angkorian Khmer	Abugida 12 c. CE - 13 c. CE			Angkorian Khmer letter Po		Angkorian Khmer letter Ko		Angkorian Khmer letter Tho			Angkorian Khmer letter Ho				Angkorian Khmer letter Vo				Angkorian Khmer letter Cho	Angkorian Khmer letter Kho		Angkorian Khmer letter Tha		Angkorian Khmer letter Yo		Angkorian Khmer letter Ka	Angkorian Khmer letter Lo	Angkorian Khmer letter Mo	Angkorian Khmer letter No	Angkorian Khmer letter Ṣa				Angkorian Khmer letter Ba	Angkorian Khmer letter Cha			Angkorian Khmer letter Kha	Angkorian Khmer letter Ra	Angkorian Khmer letter Śa						Angkorian Khmer letter Ta
Modern Khmer	Abugida ??? - Present	Modern Khmer letter A/O		Modern Khmer letter Po		Modern Khmer letter Ko		Modern Khmer letter Tho			Modern Khmer letter Ho				Modern Khmer letter Vo				Modern Khmer letter Cho	Modern Khmer letter Kho		Modern Khmer letter Tha		Modern Khmer letter Yo		Modern Khmer letter Ka	Modern Khmer letter Lo	Modern Khmer letter Mo	Modern Khmer letter No	Modern Khmer letter Ṣa		Modern Khmer letter Ae		Modern Khmer letter Ba	Modern Khmer letter Cha			Modern Khmer letter Kha	Modern Khmer letter Ra	Modern Khmer letter Śa						Modern Khmer letter Ta
Sukhothai	Abugida 13 c. CE - 14 c. CE	Sukhothai letter ‘		Sukhothai letter Ph Sukhothai letter F		Sukhothai letter Kh Sukhothai letter Kh		Sukhothai letter Th			Sukhothai letter H				Sukhothai letter W				Sukhothai letter Ch Sukhothai letter S	Sukhothai letter Kh		Sukhothai letter Th		Sukhothai letter Y		Sukhothai letter K	Sukhothai letter L	Sukhothai letter M	Sukhothai letter N	Sukhothai letter S				Sukhothai letter P	Sukhothai letter Ch			Sukhothai letter Kh Sukhothai letter Kh	Sukhothai letter R	Sukhothai letter S						Sukhothai letter D Sukhothai letter T
Early Ayutthaya Thai	Abugida 1283 CE - ??? (c. 1361 CE)	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter O ang		Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Pho phan Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Fo fan		Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khwai Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khon		Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Tho thong			Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ho hip				Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Wo waen				Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Cho chang Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter So so	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho ra-khang		Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Tho thung		Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Yo yak		Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ko kai	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Lo ling	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Mo ma	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter No nu	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter So rue-si				Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Bo baimai Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Po pla	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Cho chan			Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khai Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khuat	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ro ruea	Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter So sala						Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter Do dek Early Ayuttahaya Thai letter To tao
Tai Viet	Abugida 16 c. CE - Present			Tai Viet letter Pho (low tone) Tai Viet letter Pho (high tone)		Tai Viet letter Kho (low tone) Tai Viet letter Kho (high tone)					Tai Viet letter Ho (low tone) Tai Viet letter Ho (high tone)				Tai Viet letter Vo (low tone) Tai Viet letter Vo (high tone)				Tai Viet letter Cho (low tone) Tai Viet letter Cho (high tone)			Tai Viet letter Tho (low tone) Tai Viet letter Tho (high tone)		Tai Viet letter Yo (low tone) Tai Viet letter Yo (high tone)		Tai Viet letter Ko (low tone) Tai Viet letter Ko (high tone)	Tai Viet letter Lo (low tone) Tai Viet letter Lo (high tone)	Tai Viet letter Mo (low tone) Tai Viet letter Mo (high tone)	Tai Viet letter No (low tone) Tai Viet letter No (high tone)					Tai Viet letter Po (low tone) Tai Viet letter Po (high tone)	Tai Viet letter Cho (low tone) Tai Viet letter Cho (high tone)			Tai Viet letter Kho (low tone) Tai Viet letter Kho (high tone)	Tai Viet letter Ro (low tone) Tai Viet letter Ro (high tone)							Tai Viet letter To (low tone) Tai Viet letter To (high tone)
Ayuttahaya Thai	Abugida ??? - ??? (c. 1688 CE)	Ayuttahaya Thai letter O ang		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Pho phan Ayuttahaya Thai letter Fo fan		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khwai Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khon		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Tho thong			Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ho hip				Ayuttahaya Thai letter Wo waen				Ayuttahaya Thai letter Cho chang Ayuttahaya Thai letter So so	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho ra-khang		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Tho thung		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Yo yak		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ko kai	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Lo ling	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Mo ma	Ayuttahaya Thai letter No nu	Ayuttahaya Thai letter So rue-si				Ayuttahaya Thai letter Bo baimai Ayuttahaya Thai letter Po pla	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Cho chan			Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khai Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khuat	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ro ruea	Ayuttahaya Thai letter So sala						Ayuttahaya Thai letter Do dek Ayuttahaya Thai letter To tao
Rattanakosin Thai	Abugida ??? - ??? (19 c. CE)	Ayuttahaya Thai letter O ang		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Pho phan Ayuttahaya Thai letter Fo fan		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khwai Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khon		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Tho thong			Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ho hip				Ayuttahaya Thai letter Wo waen				Ayuttahaya Thai letter Cho chang Ayuttahaya Thai letter So so	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho ra-khang		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Tho thung		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Yo yak		Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ko kai	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Lo ling	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Mo ma	Ayuttahaya Thai letter No nu	Ayuttahaya Thai letter So rue-si				Ayuttahaya Thai letter Bo baimai Ayuttahaya Thai letter Po pla	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Cho chan			Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khai Ayuttahaya Thai letter Kho khuat	Ayuttahaya Thai letter Ro ruea	Ayuttahaya Thai letter So sala						Ayuttahaya Thai letter Do dek Ayuttahaya Thai letter To tao
Modern Thai	Abugida ??? - Presemt	Modern Thai letter O ang		Modern Thai letter Pho phan Modern Thai letter Fo fan		Modern Thai letter Kho khwai Modern Thai letter Kho khon		Modern Thai letter Tho thong			Modern Thai letter Ho hip Modern Thai letter Ho nok-huk				Modern Thai letter Wo waen				Modern Thai letter Cho chang Modern Thai letter So so	Modern Thai letter Kho ra-khang		Modern Thai letter Tho thung		Modern Thai letter Yo yak		Modern Thai letter Ko kai	Modern Thai letter Lo ling	Modern Thai letter Mo ma	Modern Thai letter No nu	Modern Thai letter So rue-si				Modern Thai letter Bo baimai Modern Thai letter Po pla	Modern Thai letter Cho chan			Modern Thai letter Kho khai Modern Thai letter Kho khuat	Modern Thai letter Ro ruea	Modern Thai letter So sala						Modern Thai letter Do dek Modern Thai letter To tao
Fakkham	Abugida 14 c. CE - 16 c. CE
Tai Yo	Abugida ??? - ???
Tai Noi	Abugida 15 c. CE - 1980s	Tai Noi letter ʔ		Tai Noi letter Ph Tai Noi letter F		Tai Noi letter Kh		Tai Noi letter Th			Tai Noi letter H				Tai Noi letter W				Tai Noi letter S			Tai Noi letter Th		Tai Noi letter Y		Tai Noi letter K	Tai Noi letter L	Tai Noi letter M	Tai Noi letter N					Tai Noi letter B Tai Noi letter P	Tai Noi letter Ch			Tai Noi letter Kh	Tai Noi letter R							Tai Noi letter D Tai Noi letter T
Lao	Abugida c. 1350 CE - Present	Lao letter O/Ung		Lao letter Phou Lao letter Fai		Lao letter Khouay		Lao letter Thong			Lao letter Han				Lao letter Vi				Lao letter Xang			Lao letter Thong		Lao letter Ya		Lao letter Kai	Lao letter Ling	Lao letter Meo	Lao letter Nok	Lao letter Ṣa				Lao letter Beh Lao letter Pa	Lao letter Cho//Choua			Lao letter Khai	Lao letter Roth/Lot/Rakhang/Lakhang	Lao letter Śa						Lao letter Dek Lao letter Ta
Khom Thai	Abugida 15 c. CE - Present	Khom Thai letter A		Khom Thai letter Ba		Khom Thai letter Ga		Khom Thai letter Dha			Khom Thai letter Ha				Khom Thai letter Va				Khom Thai letter Ja	Khom Thai letter Gha		Khom Thai letter Tha		Khom Thai letter Ya		Khom Thai letter Ka	Khom Thai letter La	Khom Thai letter Ma	Khom Thai letter Na	Khom Thai letter Ṣa		Khom Thai letter E		Khom Thai letter Pa	Khom Thai letter Ca			Khom Thai letter Kha	Khom Thai letter Ra	Khom Thai letter Śa						Khom Thai letter Ta
Grantha	Abugida 7 c. CE - Present	Grantha letter A		Grantha letter Ba		Grantha letter Ga		Grantha letter Dha			Grantha letter Ha				Grantha letter Va				Grantha letter Ja			Grantha letter Tha		Grantha letter Ya		Grantha letter Ka	Grantha letter La	Grantha letter Ma	Grantha letter Na	Grantha letter Ṣa		Grantha letter E		Grantha letter Pa				Grantha letter Kha	Grantha letter Ra	Grantha letter Śa						Grantha letter Ta
Malayalam	Abugida c. 830 CE - Present	Malayalam letter A		Malayalam letter Ba		Malayalam letter Ga		Malayalam letter Dha			Malayalam letter Ha				Malayalam letter Va				Malayalam letter Ja			Malayalam letter Tha		Malayalam letter Ya		Malayalam letter Ka	Malayalam letter La	Malayalam letter Ma	Malayalam letter Na	Malayalam letter Ṣa		Malayalam letter E		Malayalam letter Pa				Malayalam letter Kha	Malayalam letter Ra	Malayalam letter Śa						Malayalam letter Ta
Tigalari	Abugida 9 c. CE - Present	Tigalari letter A		Tigalari letter Ba		Tigalari letter Ga		Tigalari letter Dha			Tigalari letter Ha				Tigalari letter Va				Tigalari letter Ja	Tigalari letter Gha		Tigalari letter Tha		Tigalari letter Ya		Tigalari letter Ka	Tigalari letter La	Tigalari letter Ma	Tigalari letter Na	Tigalari letter Ṣa		Tigalari letter E		Tigalari letter Pa				Tigalari letter Kha	Tigalari letter Ra	Tigalari letter Śa						Tigalari letter Ta
Evēla Akuru	Abugida ??? - ???	Evēla Akuru letter A		Evēla Akuru letter Ba		Evēla Akuru letter Ga		Evēla Akuru letter Dha			Evēla Akuru letter Ha				Evēla Akuru letter Va				Evēla Akuru letter Ja							Evēla Akuru letter Ka	Evēla Akuru letter La	Evēla Akuru letter Ma	Evēla Akuru letter Na	Evēla Akuru letter Ṣa		Evēla Akuru letter E		Evēla Akuru letter Pa	Evēla Akuru letter Ca			Evēla Akuru letter Kha	Evēla Akuru letter Ra	Evēla Akuru letter Śa						Evēla Akuru letter Ta
Dhives Akuru	Abugida ??? - ???	Dhives Akuru letter A		Dhives Akuru letter Ba		Dhives Akuru letter Ga		Dhives Akuru letter Dha			Dhives Akuru letter Ha				Dhives Akuru letter Va				Dhives Akuru letter Ja					Dhives Akuru letter Ya		Dhives Akuru letter Ka	Dhives Akuru letter La	Dhives Akuru letter Ma	Dhives Akuru letter Na	Dhives Akuru letter Ṣa		Dhives Akuru letter E		Dhives Akuru letter Pa	Dhives Akuru letter Ca			Dhives Akuru letter Kha	Dhives Akuru letter Ra	Dhives Akuru letter Śa						Dhives Akuru letter Ta
Saurashtra	Abugida 19 c. CE - Present	Saurashtra letter A		Saurashtra letter Ba		Saurashtra letter Ga		Saurashtra letter Dha			Saurashtra letter Ha				Saurashtra letter Va				Saurashtra letter Ja	Saurashtra letter Gha				Saurashtra letter Ya		Saurashtra letter Ka	Saurashtra letter La	Saurashtra letter Ma	Saurashtra letter Na	Saurashtra letter Ṣa		Saurashtra letter E		Saurashtra letter Pa				Saurashtra letter Kha	Saurashtra letter Ra	Saurashtra letter Śa						Saurashtra letter Ta
Kawi	Abugida 8 c. CE - 16 c. CE	Kawi letter A		Kawi letter Ba		Kawi letter Ga		Kawi letter Dha			Kawi letter Ha								Kawi letter Ja	Kawi letter Gha		Kawi letter Tha		Kawi letter Ya		Kawi letter Ka	Kawi letter La	Kawi letter Ma	Kawi letter Na	Kawi letter Ṣa		Kawi letter E		Kawi letter Pa				Kawi letter Kha	Kawi letter Ra	Kawi letter Śa						Kawi letter Ta
Balinese	Abugida 11 c. CE - Present	Balinese letter A kara		Balinese letter Ba		Balinese letter Ga		Balinese letter Da madu			Balinese letter Ha				Balinese letter Wa				Balinese letter Ja	Balinese letter Ga gora		Balinese letter Ta tawa		Balinese letter Ya		Balinese letter Ka	Balinese letter La	Balinese letter Ma	Balinese letter Na kojong	Balinese letter Sa sapa		Balinese letter E kara/Airsanya		Balinese letter Pa	Balinese letter Ca murca			Balinese letter Kha mahaprana	Balinese letter Ra	Balinese letter Sa saga						Balinese letter Ta
Rencong	Abugida 13 c. CE - Present			Rencong letter Ba (variant 1) Rencong letter Ba (variant 2)		Rencong letter Ga (variant 1) Rencong letter Ga (variant 2)					Rencong letter Ha (variant 1) Rencong letter Ha (variant 2)								Rencong letter Ja (variant 1) Rencong letter Ja (variant 2)					Rencong letter Ya (variant 1) Rencong letter Ya (variant 2) Rencong letter Ya (variant 3)		Rencong letter Ka (variant 1) Rencong letter Ka (variant 2) Rencong letter Ka (variant 3)	Rencong letter La (variant 1) Rencong letter La (variant 2)	Rencong letter Ma (variant 1) Rencong letter Ma (variant 2)						Rencong letter Pa (variant 1) Rencong letter Pa (variant 2)	Rencong letter Ca (variant 1) Rencong letter Ca (variant 2) Rencong letter Ca (variant 3)				Rencong letter Ra (variant 1) Rencong letter Ra (variant 2)							Rencong letter Ta (variant 1) Rencong letter Ta (variant 2)
Batak	Abugida 14 c. CE - Present	Batak letter A (Karo variant) Batak letter A (Mandailing variant) Batak letter A (Pakpak variant) Batak letter A (Toba variant) Batak letter A (Simalungun variant)		Batak letter Ba (Karo variant) Batak letter Ba (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ba (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ba (Toba variant) Batak letter Ba (Simalungun variant)		Batak letter Ga (Karo variant) Batak letter Ga (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ga (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ga (Toba variant) Batak letter Ga (Simalungun variant)					Batak letter Ha (Karo variant) Batak letter Ha (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ha (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ha (Toba variant) Batak letter Ha (Simalungun variant)				Batak letter Wa (Karo variant) Batak letter Wa (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Wa (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Wa (Toba variant) Batak letter Wa (Simalungun variant)				Batak letter Ja (Karo variant) Batak letter Ja (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ja (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ja (Toba variant) Batak letter Ja (Simalungun variant)					Batak letter Ya (Karo variant) Batak letter Ya (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ya (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ya (Toba variant) Batak letter Ya (Simalungun variant)		Batak letter Ka (Karo variant) Batak letter Ka (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ka (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ka (Toba variant) Batak letter Ka (Simalungun variant)	Batak letter La (Karo variant) Batak letter La (Mandailing variant) Batak letter La (Pakpak variant) Batak letter La (Toba variant) Batak letter La (Simalungun variant)	Batak letter Ma (Karo variant) Batak letter Ma (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ma (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ma (Toba variant) Batak letter Ma (Simalungun variant)	Batak letter Na (Karo variant) Batak letter Na (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Na (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Na (Toba variant) Batak letter Na (Simalungun variant)					Batak letter Pa (Karo variant) Batak letter Pa (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Pa (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Pa (Toba variant) Batak letter Pa (Simalungun variant)	Batak letter Ca (Karo variant) Batak letter Ca (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ca (Pakpak variant)				Batak letter Ra (Karo variant) Batak letter Ra (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ra (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ra (Toba variant) Batak letter Ra (Simalungun variant)							Batak letter Ta (Karo variant) Batak letter Ta (Mandailing variant) Batak letter Ta (Pakpak variant) Batak letter Ta (Toba variant) Batak letter Ta (Simalungun variant)
Old Sundanese	Abugida 14 c. CE - 18 c. CE	Old Sundanese letter A (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter A (Kawali's Model)		Old Sundanese letter Ba (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ba (Kawali's Model)		Old Sundanese letter Ga (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ga (Kawali's Model)					Old Sundanese letter Ha (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ha (Kawali's Model)				Old Sundanese letter Wa (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Wa (Kawali's Model)				Old Sundanese letter Ja (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ja (Kawali's Model)					Old Sundanese letter Ya (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ya (Kawali's Model)		Old Sundanese letter Ka (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ka (Kawali's Model)	Old Sundanese letter La (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter La (Kawali's Model)	Old Sundanese letter Ma (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ma (Kawali's Model)	Old Sundanese letter Na (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Na (Kawali's Model)					Old Sundanese letter Pa (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Pa (Kawali's Model)	Old Sundanese letter Ca (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ca (Kawali's Model)				Old Sundanese letter Ra (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ra (Kawali's Model)							Old Sundanese letter Ta (Carita Ratu Pakuan's Model) Old Sundanese letter Ta (Kawali's Model)
Sundanese	Abugida 1996 - Present	Sundanese letter A		Sundanese letter Ba		Sundanese letter Ga					Sundanese letter Ha				Sundanese letter Wa				Sundanese letter Ja					Sundanese letter Ya		Sundanese letter Ka	Sundanese letter La	Sundanese letter Ma	Sundanese letter Na			Sundanese letter E		Sundanese letter Pa	Sundanese letter Ca				Sundanese letter Ra							Sundanese letter Ta
Baybayin	Abugida 14 c. CE - 18 c. CE, Present	Baybayin letter A		Baybayin letter Ba		Baybayin letter Ga					Baybayin letter Ha				Baybayin letter Wa									Baybayin letter Ya		Baybayin letter Ka	Baybayin letter La	Baybayin letter Ma	Baybayin letter Na					Baybayin letter Pa					Baybayin letter Ra							Baybayin letter Ta
Buhid	Abugida 14 c. CE - Present	Buhid letter A		Buhid letter Ba		Buhid letter Ga					Buhid letter Ha				Buhid letter Wa									Buhid letter Ya		Buhid letter Ka	Buhid letter La	Buhid letter Ma	Buhid letter Na					Buhid letter Pa					Buhid letter Ra							Buhid letter Ta
Hanunó'o	Abugida 14 c. CE - Present	Hanunó'o letter A		Hanunó'o letter Ba		Hanunó'o letter Ga					Hanunó'o letter Ha				Hanunó'o letter Wa									Hanunó'o letter Ya		Hanunó'o letter Ka	Hanunó'o letter La	Hanunó'o letter Ma	Hanunó'o letter Na					Hanunó'o letter Pa					Hanunó'o letter Ra							Hanunó'o letter Ta
Tagbanwa	Abugida 14 c. CE - Present	Tagbanwa letter A		Tagbanwa letter Ba		Tagbanwa letter Ga									Tagbanwa letter Wa									Tagbanwa letter Ya		Tagbanwa letter Ka	Tagbanwa letter La	Tagbanwa letter Ma	Tagbanwa letter Na					Tagbanwa letter Pa												Tagbanwa letter Ta
Kulitan	Abugida 16 c. CE - Present	Kulitan letter A		Kulitan letter Ba		Kulitan letter Ga																				Kulitan letter Ka	Kulitan letter La	Kulitan letter Ma	Kulitan letter Na					Kulitan letter Pa												Kulitan letter Ta
Buda	Abugida 14 c. CE - 18 c. CE, Present
Javanese	Abugida 15 c. CE - Present	Javanese letter A		Javanese letter Ba		Javanese letter Ga		Javanese letter Dha			Javanese letter Ha				Javanese letter Wa				Javanese letter Ja	Javanese letter Gha		Javanese letter Tha		Javanese letter Ya		Javanese letter Ka	Javanese letter La	Javanese letter Ma	Javanese letter Na	Javanese letter Ṣa		Javanese letter E		Javanese letter Pa				Javanese letter Kha	Javanese letter Ra	Javanese letter Śa						Javanese letter Ta
Lontara	Abugida 17 c. CE - Present	Lontara letter A		Lontara letter Ba		Lontara letter Ga					Lontara letter Ha				Lontara letter Wa				Lontara letter Ja					Lontara letter Ya		Lontara letter Ka	Lontara letter La	Lontara letter Ma	Lontara letter Na					Lontara letter Pa	Lontara letter Ca				Lontara letter Ra							Lontara letter Ta
Makasar	Abugida 17 c. CE - 19 c. CE	Makasar letter A		Makasar letter Ba		Makasar letter Ga									Makasar letter Wa				Makasar letter Ja					Makasar letter Ya		Makasar letter Ka	Makasar letter La	Makasar letter Ma	Makasar letter Na					Makasar letter Pa	Makasar letter Ca				Makasar letter Ra							Makasar letter Ta
Rejang	Abugida Mid 18 c. CE - Present	Rejang letter A		Rejang letter Ba		Rejang letter Ga					Rejang letter Ha				Rejang letter Wa				Rejang letter Ja					Rejang letter Ya		Rejang letter Ka	Rejang letter La	Rejang letter Ma	Rejang letter Na					Rejang letter Pa	Rejang letter Ca				Rejang letter Ra							Rejang letter Ta
Vatteluttu	Abugida 4/5 c. - 12 c. CE	Vatteluttu letter A													Vatteluttu letter Va									Vatteluttu letter Ya		Vatteluttu letter Ka	Vatteluttu letter La	Vatteluttu letter Ma	Vatteluttu letter Na			Vatteluttu letter E		Vatteluttu letter Pa	Vatteluttu letter Ca				Vatteluttu letter Ra							Vatteluttu letter Ta
Kolezhuthu	Abugida 12/13 c. CE - 18 c. CE
Malayanma	Abugida ??? - ???
Bhattiprolu	Abugida 3 c. - 1 c. BCE	Bhattiprolu letter A		Bhattiprolu letter Ba		Bhattiprolu letter Ga		Bhattiprolu letter Dha							Bhattiprolu letter Va				Bhattiprolu letter Ja	Bhattiprolu letter Gha		Bhattiprolu letter Tha		Bhattiprolu letter Ya		Bhattiprolu letter Ka	Bhattiprolu letter La	Bhattiprolu letter Ma	Bhattiprolu letter Na	Bhattiprolu letter Ṣa				Bhattiprolu letter Pa	Bhattiprolu letter Ca			Bhattiprolu letter Kha	Bhattiprolu letter Ra	Bhattiprolu letter Śa						Bhattiprolu letter Ta
Kadamba	Abugida 5 c. CE - 10 c. CE	Kadamba letter A		Kadamba letter Ba		Kadamba letter Ga		Kadamba letter Dha			Kadamba letter Ha				Kadamba letter Va				Kadamba letter Ja	Kadamba letter Gha		Kadamba letter Tha		Kadamba letter Ya		Kadamba letter Ka	Kadamba letter La	Kadamba letter Ma	Kadamba letter Na	Kadamba letter Ṣa		Kadamba letter E		Kadamba letter Pa				Kadamba letter Kha	Kadamba letter Ra	Kadamba letter Śa						Kadamba letter Ta
Pyu	Abugida 3 c. CE - 13 c. CE	Pyu letter A		Pyu letter Ba		Pyu letter Ga		Pyu letter Dha			Pyu letter Ha				Pyu letter Va				Pyu letter Ja			Pyu letter Tha		Pyu letter Ya		Pyu letter Ka	Pyu letter La	Pyu letter Ma	Pyu letter Na			Pyu letter E		Pyu letter Pa				Pyu letter Kha	Pyu letter Ra							Pyu letter Ta
Burmese	Abugida 11 c. CE - Present	Burmese letter A		Burmese letter Ba		Burmese letter Ga		Burmese letter Dha			Burmese letter Ha				Burmese letter Wa				Burmese letter Za	Burmese letter Gha		Burmese letter Tha		Burmese letter Ya		Burmese letter Ka	Burmese letter La	Burmese letter Ma	Burmese letter Na	Burmese letter Ṣa				Burmese letter Pa	Burmese letter Ca			Burmese letter Kha	Burmese letter Ja	Burmese letter Śa						Burmese letter Ta
Mon	Abugida ??? - Present	Mon letter A		Mon letter Be		Mon letter Ge		Mon letter Dhe			Mon letter He				Mon letter We				Mon letter Je	Mon letter Gha		Mon letter Tha		Mon letter Ye		Mon letter Ka	Mon letter Le	Mon letter Me	Mon letter Ne					Mon letter Pa	Mon letter Ca			Mon letter Kha	Mon letter Re							Mon letter Ta
Tai Tham	Abugida ???	Tai Tham letter A		Tai Tham letter Pa		Tai Tham letter Ka		Tai Tham letter Tha			Tai Tham letter Ha				Tai Tham letter Wa				Tai Tham letter Ja/Ca	Tai Tham letter Xa/Kha		Tai Tham letter Tha		Tai Tham letter Nya		Tai Tham letter Ka	Tai Tham letter La	Tai Tham letter Ma	Tai Tham letter Na	Tai Tham letter Sa				Tai Tham letter Ba/Pa	Tai Tham letter Ja/Ca			Tai Tham letter Xa/Kha	Tai Tham letter Ra/La	Tai Tham letter Sa						Tai Tham letter Ta
New Tai Lue	Abugida ???	New Tai Lue letter A (high tone)		New Tai Lue letter Pa (low tone)		New Tai Lue letter Ka (low tone)		New Tai Lue letter Tha (low tone)			New Tai Lue letter Ha (high tone)				New Tai Lue letter Wa (low tone)				New Tai Lue letter Tsa (low tone)			New Tai Lue letter Tha (high tone)		New Tai Lue letter Ya (low tone)		New Tai Lue letter Ka (high tone)	New Tai Lue letter La (low tone)	New Tai Lue letter Ma (low tone)	New Tai Lue letter Na (low tone)					New Tai Lue letter Ba (high tone)	New Tai Lue letter Tsa (high tone)			New Tai Lue letter Xa (high tone)	New Tai Lue letter Ha (low tone)							New Tai Lue letter Ta (high tone)
Shan	Abugida ??? - Present	Shan letter A									Shan letter Ha				Shan letter Va									Shan letter Ya		Shan letter Ka	Shan letter La	Shan letter Ma	Shan letter Na					Shan letter Pa				Shan letter Kha	Shan letter Ra							Shan letter Ta
Ahom	Abugida 13 c. CE - 19 c. CE	Ahom letter A		Ahom letter Ba		Ahom letter Ga		Ahom letter Dha			Ahom letter Ha									Ahom letter Gha		Ahom letter Tha		Ahom letter Ja		Ahom letter Ka	Ahom letter La	Ahom letter Ma	Ahom letter Na					Ahom letter Pa				Ahom letter Kha	Ahom letter Ra							Ahom letter Ta
Tai Le	Abugida 13 c. CE - Present	Tai Le letter A									Tai Le letter Ha				Tai Le letter Wa							Tai Le letter Gha		Tai Le letter Ya		Tai Le letter Ka	Tai Le letter La	Tai Le letter Ma	Tai Le letter Na					Tai Le letter Pa				Tai Le letter Kha								Tai Le letter Ta
Khamti	Abugida ??? - ???	Khamti letter A		Khamti letter Ba		Khamti letter Ga		Khamti letter Dha			Khamti letter Ha				Khamti letter Va				Khamti letter Ja	Khamti letter Gha		Khamti letter Tha		Khamti letter Ya		Khamti letter Ka	Khamti letter La	Khamti letter Ma	Khamti letter Na					Khamti letter Pa				Khamti letter Kha	Khamti letter Ra							Khamti letter Ta
S'gaw Karen	Abugida 1830 CE - Present					S'gaw Karen letter Ga					S'gaw Karen letter Ha				S'gaw Karen letter Wa									S'gaw Karen letter Ya		S'gaw Karen letter Ka	S'gaw Karen letter La	S'gaw Karen letter Ma	S'gaw Karen letter Na					S'gaw Karen letter Pa				S'gaw Karen letter Kha	S'gaw Karen letter Ra							S'gaw Karen letter Ta
Chakma	Abugida ??? - ???	Chakma letter A		Chakma letter Baa		Chakma letter Gaa		Chakma letter Dhaa			Chakma letter Haa				Chakma letter Waa				Chakma letter Jaa	Chakma letter Ghaa		Chakma letter Thaa		Chakma letter Yyaa		Chakma letter Kaa	Chakma letter Laa	Chakma letter Maa	Chakma letter Naa			Chakma letter E		Chakma letter Paa	Chakma letter Caa			Chakma letter Khaa	Chakma letter Raa							Chakma letter Taa
Telugu-Kannada	Abugida ?7 c. CE - 14 c. CE
Kannada	Abugida 13 c. CE - Present	Kannada letter A		Kannada letter Ba		Kannada letter Ga		Kannada letter Dha			Kannada letter Ha				Kannada letter Va				Kannada letter Ja	Kannada letter Gha		Kannada letter Tha		Kannada letter Ya		Kannada letter Ka	Kannada letter La	Kannada letter Ma	Kannada letter Na	Kannada letter Ṣa		Kannada letter E		Kannada letter Pa	Kannada letter Ca			Kannada letter Kha	Kannada letter Ra	Kannada letter Śa						Kannada letter Ta
Goykānaḍī	Abugida ??? - 17 c. CE	Goykānaḍī letter A		Goykānaḍī letter Ba		Goykānaḍī letter Ga		Goykānaḍī letter Dha			Goykānaḍī letter Ha				Goykānaḍī letter Va				Goykānaḍī letter Ja	Goykānaḍī letter Gha		Goykānaḍī letter Tha		Goykānaḍī letter Ya		Goykānaḍī letter Ka	Goykānaḍī letter La	Goykānaḍī letter Ma	Goykānaḍī letter Na	Goykānaḍī letter Ṣa		Goykānaḍī letter E		Goykānaḍī letter Pa	Goykānaḍī letter Ca			Goykānaḍī letter Kha	Goykānaḍī letter Ra	Goykānaḍī letter Śa						Goykānaḍī letter Ta
Telugu	Abugida 14 c. CE - Present	Telugu letter A		Telugu letter Ba		Telugu letter Ga		Telugu letter Dha			Telugu letter Ha				Telugu letter Va				Telugu letter Ja	Telugu letter Gha		Telugu letter Tha		Telugu letter Ya		Telugu letter Ka	Telugu letter La	Telugu letter Ma	Telugu letter Na	Telugu letter Ṣa		Telugu letter E		Telugu letter Pa	Telugu letter Ca			Telugu letter Kha	Telugu letter Ra	Telugu letter Śa						Telugu letter Ta
Middle/Kushana Brahmi	Abugida 1 c. CE - 3 c. CE	Middle Brahmi Letter A		Middle Brahmi Letter Ba		Middle Brahmi Letter Ga		Middle Brahmi Letter Dha			Middle Brahmi Letter Ha				Middle Brahmi Letter Va				Middle Brahmi Letter Ja	Middle Brahmi Letter Gha		Middle Brahmi Letter Tha		Middle Brahmi Letter Ya		Middle Brahmi Letter Ka	Middle Brahmi Letter La	Middle Brahmi Letter Ma	Middle Brahmi Letter Na	Middle Brahmi Letter Ṣa		Middle Brahmi Letter E		Middle Brahmi Letter Pa	Middle Brahmi Letter Ca			Middle Brahmi Letter Kha	Middle Brahmi Letter Ra	Middle Brahmi Letter Śa						Middle Brahmi Letter Ta
Tocharian	Abugida c. 3 c. CE - 840 CE	Tocharian letter A		Tocharian letter Ba		Tocharian letter Ga		Tocharian letter Dha			Tocharian letter Ha				Tocharian letter Va				Tocharian letter Ja	Tocharian letter Gha		Tocharian letter Tha		Tocharian letter Ya		Tocharian letter Ka	Tocharian letter La	Tocharian letter Ma	Tocharian letter Na	Tocharian letter Ṣa		Tocharian letter E		Tocharian letter Pa	Tocharian letter Ca			Tocharian letter Kha	Tocharian letter Ra	Tocharian letter Śa						Tocharian letter Ta
Sinhala	Abugida 3 c. CE - Present	Sinhala letter A		Sinhala letter Ba		Sinhala letter Ga		Sinhala letter Dha			Sinhala letter Ha				Sinhala letter Va				Sinhala letter Ja	Sinhala letter Gha		Sinhala letter Tha		Sinhala letter Ya		Sinhala letter Ka	Sinhala letter La	Sinhala letter Ma	Sinhala letter Na	Sinhala letter Ṣa		Sinhala letter E		Sinhala letter Pa	Sinhala letter Ca			Sinhala letter Kha	Sinhala letter Ra	Sinhala letter Śa						Sinhala letter Ta
Late/Gupta Brahmi	Abugida 4 c. CE - 6 c. CE			Late Brahmi Letter Ba		Late Brahmi Letter Ga		Late Brahmi Letter Dha			Late Brahmi Letter Ha				Late Brahmi Letter Va				Late Brahmi Letter Ja	Late Brahmi Letter Gha		Late Brahmi Letter Tha		Late Brahmi Letter Ya		Late Brahmi Letter Ka	Late Brahmi Letter La	Late Brahmi Letter Ma	Late Brahmi Letter Na	Late Brahmi Letter Ṣa				Late Brahmi Letter Pa	Late Brahmi Letter Ca			Late Brahmi Letter Kha	Late Brahmi Letter Ra	Late Brahmi Letter Śa						Late Brahmi Letter Ta
Siddhaṃ	Abugida Late 6 c. CE - 12 c. CE	Siddhaṃ letter A		Siddhaṃ letter Ba		Siddhaṃ letter Ga		Siddhaṃ letter Dha			Siddhaṃ letter Ha				Siddhaṃ letter Va				Siddhaṃ letter Ja	Siddhaṃ letter Gha		Siddhaṃ letter Tha		Siddhaṃ letter Ya		Siddhaṃ letter Ka	Siddhaṃ letter La	Siddhaṃ letter Ma	Siddhaṃ letter Na	Siddhaṃ letter Ṣa		Siddhaṃ letter E		Siddhaṃ letter Pa				Siddhaṃ letter Kha	Siddhaṃ letter Ra	Siddhaṃ letter Śa						Siddhaṃ letter Ta
Nāgarī	Abugida 8 c. CE - ???	Nāgarī letter A		Nāgarī letter Ba		Nāgarī letter Ga		Nāgarī letter Dha											Nāgarī letter Ja	Nāgarī letter Gha		Nāgarī letter Tha		Nāgarī letter Ya		Nāgarī letter Ka	Nāgarī letter La	Nāgarī letter Ma	Nāgarī letter Na	Nāgarī letter Ṣa		Nāgarī letter E		Nāgarī letter Pa	Nāgarī letter Ca			Nāgarī letter Kha	Nāgarī letter Ra	Nāgarī letter Śa						Nāgarī letter Ta
Nandinagari	Abugida 8 c. CE - 19 c. CE
Devanagari	Abugida 13 c. CE - Present	Devanagari letter A		Devanagari letter Ba		Devanagari letter Ga		Devanagari letter Dha			Devanagari letter Ha				Devanagari letter Va				Devanagari letter Ja	Devanagari letter Gha		Devanagari letter Tha		Devanagari letter Ya		Devanagari letter Ka	Devanagari letter La	Devanagari letter Ma	Devanagari letter Na	Devanagari letter Ṣa		Devanagari letter E		Devanagari letter Pa	Devanagari letter Ca			Devanagari letter Kha	Devanagari letter Ra	Devanagari letter Śa						Devanagari letter Ta
Gujarati	Abugida 1592 CE - Present	Gujarati letter A		Gujarati letter Ba				Gujarati letter Dha			Gujarati letter Ha				Gujarati letter Va				Gujarati letter Ja	Gujarati letter Gha		Gujarati letter Tha		Gujarati letter Ya		Gujarati letter Ka	Gujarati letter La	Gujarati letter Ma	Gujarati letter Na	Gujarati letter Ṣa				Gujarati letter Pa	Gujarati letter Ca			Gujarati letter Kha	Gujarati letter Ra	Gujarati letter Śa						Gujarati letter Ta
Modi	Abugida 12/16 c. CE - 1950 CE	Modi letter A		Modi letter Ba		Modi letter Ga		Modi letter Dha			Modi letter Ha				Modi letter Va				Modi letter Ja	Modi letter Gha		Modi letter Tha		Modi letter Ya		Modi letter Ka	Modi letter La	Modi letter Ma	Modi letter Na	Modi letter Ṣa				Modi letter Pa				Modi letter Kha	Modi letter Ra	Modi letter Śa						Modi letter Ta
Canadian Aboriginal syllabics	Abugida c.1840 CE - Present					Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Ko/Ku/Pi									Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Final ring/W/O				Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Ca/ga/Dha/Tha/Mo					Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Yo/Yu/Yi			Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Lo/Lu	Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Ma/To	Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Ni			Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter E/Ai/U		Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Pa/Ba/Ha					Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Ro/Ru							Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics letter Ta/Da
Pollard	Abugida c. 1936 CE - Present					Pollard letter Nga									Pollard letter O				Pollard letter Sha									Pollard letter La	Pollard letter Nga			Pollard letter Tlha		Pollard letter Va Pollard letter Zza					Pollard letter Ae							Pollard letter Na
Kaithi	Abugida 16 c. CE - mid 20 c. CE	Kaithi letter A		Kaithi letter Ba		Kaithi letter Ga		Kaithi letter Dha			Kaithi letter Ha				Kaithi letter Va				Kaithi letter Ja	Kaithi letter Gha		Kaithi letter Tha		Kaithi letter Ya		Kaithi letter Ka	Kaithi letter La	Kaithi letter Ma	Kaithi letter Na	Kaithi letter Ṣa		Kaithi letter E		Kaithi letter Pa	Kaithi letter Ca			Kaithi letter Kha	Kaithi letter Ra	Kaithi letter Śa						Kaithi letter Ta
Sylheti Nagri	Abugida 1825 CE - Present			Sylheti Nagri letter Bô		Sylheti Nagri letter Gô		Sylheti Nagri letter Dô			Sylheti Nagri letter Hô								Sylheti Nagri letter Jô	Sylheti Nagri letter Ghô		Sylheti Nagri letter Thô				Sylheti Nagri letter Kô	Sylheti Nagri letter Lô	Sylheti Nagri letter Mô	Sylheti Nagri letter Nô			Sylheti Nagri letter E		Sylheti Nagri letter Pô	Sylheti Nagri letter Chô			Sylheti Nagri letter Khô	Sylheti Nagri letter Rô	Sylheti Nagri letter Shô						Sylheti Nagri letter Tô
Gaudi	Abugida 10 c. CE - 14 c. CE
Tirhuta	Abugida 10 c. CE - Present	Tirhuta letter A		Tirhuta letter Ba		Tirhuta letter Ga		Tirhuta letter Dha			Tirhuta letter Ha								Tirhuta letter Ja	Tirhuta letter Gha		Tirhuta letter Tha		Tirhuta letter Ya		Tirhuta letter Ka	Tirhuta letter La	Tirhuta letter Ma	Tirhuta letter Na	Tirhuta letter Ṣa		Tirhuta letter E		Tirhuta letter Pa	Tirhuta letter Ca			Tirhuta letter Kha	Tirhuta letter Ra	Tirhuta letter Śa						Tirhuta letter Ta
Odia	Abugida c. 1060 CE - Present	Odia letter A		Odia letter Ba		Odia letter Ga		Odia letter Dha			Odia letter Ha				Odia letter Va				Odia letter Ja	Odia letter Gha		Odia letter Tha		Odia letter Ya		Odia letter Ka	Odia letter La	Odia letter Ma	Odia letter Na			Odia letter E		Odia letter Pa	Odia letter Ca			Odia letter Kha	Odia letter Ra	Odia letter Śa						Odia letter Ta
Bengali–Assamese	Abugida 12 c. CE - Present	Assamese letter Ô Bengali letter Ô/O		Assamese letter Bô Bengali letter Bô		Assamese letter Gô Bengali letter Gô		Assamese letter Dhô Bengali letter Dhô			Assamese letter Hô				Assamese letter Wô				Assamese letter Zô Bengali letter Jô	Assamese letter Ghô Bengali letter Ghô		Assamese letter Thô Bengali letter Thô		Assamese letter Zô Bengali letter Jô		Assamese letter Kô Bengali letter Kô	Assamese letter Lô Bengali letter Lô	Assamese letter Mô Bengali letter Mô	Assamese letter Nô Bengali letter Nô	Assamese letter Xô Assamese letter Şşô		Assamese letter Ê Bengali letter E/Ê		Assamese letter Pô Bengali letter Pô	Assamese letter Sô Bengali letter Cô			Assamese letter Khô Bengali letter Khô	Assamese letter Rô Bengali letter Rô	Assamese letter Xô Bengali letter Şô						Assamese letter Tô Bengali letter Tô
Anga Lipi	Abugida ??? - ???
Bhujimol	Abugida ??? - ???	Bhujimol letter A		Bhujimol letter Ba		Bhujimol letter Ga		Bhujimol letter Dha			Bhujimol letter Ha				Bhujimol letter Va				Bhujimol letter Ja	Bhujimol letter Gha		Bhujimol letter Tha		Bhujimol letter Ya		Bhujimol letter Ka	Bhujimol letter La	Bhujimol letter Ma	Bhujimol letter Na			Bhujimol letter E		Bhujimol letter Pa	Bhujimol letter Ca			Bhujimol letter Kha	Bhujimol letter Ra	Bhujimol letter Śa						Bhujimol letter Ta
Pracalit	Abugida ??? - ???	Pracalit letter A		Pracalit letter Ba		Pracalit letter Ga		Pracalit letter Dha			Pracalit letter Ha								Pracalit letter Ja	Pracalit letter Gha		Pracalit letter Tha		Pracalit letter Ya		Pracalit letter Ka	Pracalit letter La	Pracalit letter Ma	Pracalit letter Na			Pracalit letter E		Pracalit letter Pa				Pracalit letter Kha	Pracalit letter Ra	Pracalit letter Śa						Pracalit letter Ta
Ranjana	Abugida ??? - ???	Ranjana letter A		Ranjana letter Ba		Ranjana letter Ga		Ranjana letter Dha			Ranjana letter Ha				Ranjana letter Va				Ranjana letter Ja	Ranjana letter Gha		Ranjana letter Tha		Ranjana letter Ya		Ranjana letter Ka	Ranjana letter La	Ranjana letter Ma	Ranjana letter Na			Ranjana letter E		Ranjana letter Pa				Ranjana letter Kha	Ranjana letter Ra	Ranjana letter Śa						Ranjana letter Ta
Soyombo	Abugida 17 c. CE - 18 c. CE	Soyombo letter A		Soyombo letter Ba		Soyombo letter Ga		Soyombo letter Dha			Soyombo letter Ha				Soyombo letter Va				Soyombo letter Ja	Soyombo letter Gha		Soyombo letter Tha		Soyombo letter Ya		Soyombo letter Ka	Soyombo letter La	Soyombo letter Ma	Soyombo letter Na					Soyombo letter Pa				Soyombo letter Kha		Soyombo letter Śa						Soyombo letter Ta
Tibetan	Abugida 650 CE - Present	Tibetan letter A		Tibetan letter Ba		Tibetan letter Ga		Tibetan letter Dha			Tibetan letter Ha				Tibetan letter Va				Tibetan letter Ja			Tibetan letter Tha		Tibetan letter Ya		Tibetan letter Ka	Tibetan letter La	Tibetan letter Ma	Tibetan letter Na	Tibetan letter Ṣa				Tibetan letter Pa	Tibetan letter Ca			Tibetan letter Kha	Tibetan letter Ra	Tibetan letter Śa						Tibetan letter Ta
Marchen	Abugida 7 c. CE - 10 c. CE	Marchen letter A		Marchen letter Ba		Marchen letter Ga					Marchen letter Ha								Marchen letter Ja			Marchen letter Tha		Marchen letter Ya		Marchen letter Ka	Marchen letter La	Marchen letter Ma	Marchen letter Na					Marchen letter Pa	Marchen letter Ca			Marchen letter Kha	Marchen letter Ra	Marchen letter Śa						Marchen letter Ta
Marchung	Abugida ??? - ???	Marchung letter A		Marchung letter Ba		Marchung letter Ga					Marchung letter Ha								Marchung letter Ja			Marchung letter Tha		Marchung letter Ya		Marchung letter Ka	Marchung letter La	Marchung letter Ma	Marchung letter Na					Marchung letter Pa	Marchung letter Ca			Marchung letter Kha	Marchung letter Ra	Marchung letter Śa						Marchung letter Ta
Pungs-chen	Abugida ??? - ???	Pungs-chen letter A		Pungs-chen letter Ba		Pungs-chen letter Ga					Pungs-chen letter Ha								Pungs-chen letter Ja			Pungs-chen letter Tha		Pungs-chen letter Ya		Pungs-chen letter Ka	Pungs-chen letter La	Pungs-chen letter Ma	Pungs-chen letter Na					Pungs-chen letter Pa	Pungs-chen letter Ca			Pungs-chen letter Kha	Pungs-chen letter Ra	Pungs-chen letter Śa						Pungs-chen letter Ta
Pungs-chung	Abugida ??? - ???	Pungs-chung letter A		Pungs-chung letter Ba		Pungs-chung letter Ga					Pungs-chung letter Ha								Pungs-chung letter Ja			Pungs-chung letter Tha		Pungs-chung letter Ya		Pungs-chung letter Ka	Pungs-chung letter La	Pungs-chung letter Ma	Pungs-chung letter Na					Pungs-chung letter Pa	Pungs-chung letter Ca			Pungs-chung letter Kha	Pungs-chung letter Ra	Pungs-chung letter Śa						Pungs-chung letter Ta
Drusha	Abugida ??? - ???	Drusha letter A		Drusha letter Ba		Drusha letter Ga					Drusha letter Ha								Drusha letter Ja			Drusha letter Tha		Drusha letter Ya		Drusha letter Ka	Drusha letter La	Drusha letter Ma	Drusha letter Na					Drusha letter Pa	Drusha letter Ca			Drusha letter Kha	Drusha letter Ra	Drusha letter Śa						Drusha letter Ta
Meitei	Abugida 12 c. CE - 18 c. CE, 1930 CE - Present	Meitei letter Atiya		Meitei letter Ba		Meitei letter Gok		Meitei letter Dhou			Meitei letter Huk				Meitei letter Was				Meitei letter Jil	Meitei letter Ghou		Meitei letter Thou		Meitei letter Yang		Meitei letter Kok	Meitei letter Lai	Meitei letter Mit	Meitei letter Na	Meitei letter Śa				Meitei letter Pa	Meitei letter Chil			Meitei letter Khou	Meitei letter Rai	Meitei letter Śa						Meitei letter Til
ʼPhags-pa	Abugida 1269 CE - c. 1360 CE	ʼPhags-pa letter A		ʼPhags-pa letter Ba		ʼPhags-pa letter Gga		ʼPhags-pa letter Da			ʼPhags-pa letter Ha				ʼPhags-pa letter Wa				ʼPhags-pa letter Ja			ʼPhags-pa letter Tha		ʼPhags-pa letter Ya		ʼPhags-pa letter Ka	ʼPhags-pa letter La	ʼPhags-pa letter Ma	ʼPhags-pa letter Na					ʼPhags-pa letter Pa	ʼPhags-pa letter Ca			ʼPhags-pa letter Kha	ʼPhags-pa letter Ra	ʼPhags-pa letter Śa						ʼPhags-pa letter Ta
Zanabazar square script	Abugida ??? - ???	Zanabazar square letter A		Zanabazar square letter Ba		Zanabazar square letter Ga		Zanabazar square letter Dha			Zanabazar square letter Ha				Zanabazar square letter Va				Zanabazar square letter Ja	Zanabazar square letter Gha		Zanabazar square letter Tha		Zanabazar square letter Ya		Zanabazar square letter Ka	Zanabazar square letter La	Zanabazar square letter Ma	Zanabazar square letter Na	Zanabazar square letter Ṣa				Zanabazar square letter Pa	Zanabazar square letter Ca			Zanabazar square letter Kha	Zanabazar square letter Ra	Zanabazar square letter Śa						Zanabazar square letter Ta
Lepcha	Abugida 17 c. CE - Present	Lepcha letter A		Lepcha letter Ba		Lepcha letter Ga					Lepcha letter Ha				Lepcha letter Va				Lepcha letter Ja			Lepcha letter Tha		Lepcha letter Ya		Lepcha letter Ka	Lepcha letter La	Lepcha letter Ma	Lepcha letter Na					Lepcha letter Pa	Lepcha letter Ca			Lepcha letter Kha	Lepcha letter Ra	Lepcha letter Śa						Lepcha letter Ta
Limbu	Abugida 1740 CE - Present			Limbu Letter Bo		Limbu Letter Go					Limbu Letter Ho				Limbu Letter Wo				Limbu Letter Jo	Limbu Letter Gho		Limbu Letter Tho		Limbu Letter Yo		Limbu Letter Ko	Limbu Letter Lo	Limbu Letter Mo	Limbu Letter No	Limbu Letter Ṣo				Limbu Letter Po	Limbu Letter Co			Limbu Letter Kho	Limbu Letter Ro	Limbu Letter Śo						Limbu Letter To
Kalinga	Abugida 7 c. CE - 12 c. CE
Śāradā	Abugida 3 c. CE - Present	Śāradā letter A		Śāradā letter Ba		Śāradā letter Ga		Śāradā letter Dha			Śāradā letter Ha				Śāradā letter Va				Śāradā letter Ja	Śāradā letter Gha		Śāradā letter Tha		Śāradā letter Ya		Śāradā letter Ka	Śāradā letter La	Śāradā letter Ma	Śāradā letter Na	Śāradā letter Ṣa		Śāradā letter E		Śāradā letter Pa				Śāradā letter Kha	Śāradā letter Ra	Śāradā letter Śa						Śāradā letter Ta
Laṇḍā	Abugida 10 c. - 11 c. CE			Laṇḍā letter Ba		Laṇḍā letter Ga		Laṇḍā letter Dha							Laṇḍā letter Va				Laṇḍā letter Ja	Laṇḍā letter Gha		Laṇḍā letter Tha		Laṇḍā letter Ya		Laṇḍā letter Ka	Laṇḍā letter La	Laṇḍā letter Ma	Laṇḍā letter Na					Laṇḍā letter Pa	Laṇḍā letter Ca			Laṇḍā letter Kha	Laṇḍā letter Ra							Laṇḍā letter Ta
Gurmukhi	Abugida 16 c. CE - Present	Gurmukhi letter A		Gurmukhi letter Ba		Gurmukhi letter Ga		Gurmukhi letter Dha			Gurmukhi letter Ha				Gurmukhi letter Va				Gurmukhi letter Ja	Gurmukhi letter Gha		Gurmukhi letter Tha		Gurmukhi letter Ya		Gurmukhi letter Ka	Gurmukhi letter La	Gurmukhi letter Ma	Gurmukhi letter Na	Gurmukhi letter Ṣa		Gurmukhi letter E		Gurmukhi letter Pa	Gurmukhi letter Ca			Gurmukhi letter Kha	Gurmukhi letter Ra	Gurmukhi letter Śa						Gurmukhi letter Ta
Khudabadi	Abugida 16 c. CE - Present	Khudabadi letter A		Khudabadi letter Ba		Khudabadi letter Ga		Khudabadi letter Dha			Khudabadi letter Ha				Khudabadi letter Va				Khudabadi letter Ja	Khudabadi letter Gha		Khudabadi letter Tha		Khudabadi letter Ya		Khudabadi letter Ka	Khudabadi letter La	Khudabadi letter Ma	Khudabadi letter Na					Khudabadi letter Pa	Khudabadi letter Ca			Khudabadi letter Kha	Khudabadi letter Ra	Khudabadi letter Śa						Khudabadi letter Ta
Khojki	Abugida Early 16 c. CE - 20 c. CE	Khojki letter A		Khojki letter Ba		Khojki letter Ga		Khojki letter Dha			Khojki letter Ha				Khojki letter Va				Khojki letter Ja	Khojki letter Gha		Khojki letter Tha		Khojki letter Ya		Khojki letter Ka	Khojki letter La	Khojki letter Ma	Khojki letter Na			Khojki letter E		Khojki letter Pa	Khojki letter Ca			Khojki letter Kha	Khojki letter Ra							Khojki letter Ta
Multani	Abugida 18 c. CE - 20 c. CE	Multani letter A		Multani letter Ba		Multani letter Ga		Multani letter Dha			Multani letter Ha				Multani letter Va				Multani letter Ja	Multani letter Gha		Multani letter Tha		Multani letter Ya		Multani letter Ka	Multani letter La	Multani letter Ma	Multani letter Na			Multani letter E		Multani letter Pa	Multani letter Ca			Multani letter Kha	Multani letter Ra							Multani letter Ta
Mahajani	Abugida ??? - ???	Mahajani letter A		Mahajani letter Ba		Mahajani letter Ga		Mahajani letter Dha			Mahajani letter Ha				Mahajani letter Va				Mahajani letter Ja	Mahajani letter Gha		Mahajani letter Tha				Mahajani letter Ka	Mahajani letter La	Mahajani letter Ma	Mahajani letter Na			Mahajani letter E		Mahajani letter Pa	Mahajani letter Ca			Mahajani letter Kha	Mahajani letter Ra							Mahajani letter Ta
Takri	Abugida 16 c. CE - Present	Takri letter A		Takri letter Ba		Takri letter Ga		Takri letter Dha			Takri letter Ha				Takri letter Va				Takri letter Ja	Takri letter Gha		Takri letter Tha		Takri letter Ya		Takri letter Ka	Takri letter La	Takri letter Ma	Takri letter Na			Takri letter E		Takri letter Pa	Takri letter Ca			Takri letter Kha	Takri letter Ra	Takri letter Śa						Takri letter Ta
Dogri	Abugida ???-???	Dogri letter A		Dogri letter Ba		Dogri letter Ga		Dogri letter Dha			Dogri letter Ha				Dogri letter Va				Dogri letter Ja	Dogri letter Gha		Dogri letter Tha		Dogri letter Ya		Dogri letter Ka	Dogri letter La	Dogri letter Ma	Dogri letter Na	Dogri letter Ṣa		Dogri letter E		Dogri letter Pa	Dogri letter Ca			Dogri letter Kha	Dogri letter Ra	Dogri letter Śa						Dogri letter Ta
Sirmauri	Abugida ???-???	Sirmauri letter A		Sirmauri letter Ba		Sirmauri letter Ga		Sirmauri letter Dha			Sirmauri letter Ha								Sirmauri letter Ja	Sirmauri letter Gha		Sirmauri letter Tha		Sirmauri letter Ya		Sirmauri letter Ka	Sirmauri letter La	Sirmauri letter Ma	Sirmauri letter Na					Sirmauri letter Pa	Sirmauri letter Ca			Sirmauri letter Kha	Sirmauri letter Ra							Sirmauri letter Ta
Bhaiksuki	Abugida 11 c. CE - 12 c. CE	Bhaiksuki letter A		Bhaiksuki letter Ba		Bhaiksuki letter Ga		Bhaiksuki letter Dha			Bhaiksuki letter Ha				Bhaiksuki letter Va				Bhaiksuki letter Ja	Bhaiksuki letter Gha		Bhaiksuki letter Tha		Bhaiksuki letter Ya		Bhaiksuki letter Ka	Bhaiksuki letter La	Bhaiksuki letter Ma	Bhaiksuki letter Na	Bhaiksuki letter Ṣa				Bhaiksuki letter Pa				Bhaiksuki letter Kha	Bhaiksuki letter Ra	Bhaiksuki letter Śa						Bhaiksuki letter Ta
Hebrew	Abjad c. 2/1 BCE - Present	Hebrew letter Alef × Hebrew letter Alef א אָלֶף a IPA: [a]		Hebrew letter Bet × Hebrew letter Bet ב בֵית v IPA: [v]		Hebrew letter Gimel × Hebrew letter Gimel ג גִימֵל g IPA: [ɣ]		Hebrew letter Dalet × Hebrew letter Dalet ד דָלֶת d IPA: [ð]			Hebrew letter He × Hebrew letter He ה הֵא h IPA: [h]~[e]				Hebrew letter Vav × Hebrew letter Vav ו וָו v IPA: [v]				Hebrew letter Zayin × Hebrew letter Zayin ז זַיִן z IPA: [z]	Hebrew letter Chet × Hebrew letter Chet ח חֵית ch IPA: [χ]		Hebrew letter Tet × Hebrew letter Tet ט טֵית t IPA: [t]		Hebrew letter Yod × Hebrew letter Yod י יוֹד y IPA: [j]		Hebrew letter Kaf × Hebrew letter Kaf כ כַף k IPA: [χ] Hebrew letter Kaf (final) × Hebrew letter Kaf (final) ך כַף סוֹפִית k IPA: [x]~[χ]	Hebrew letter Lamed × Hebrew letter Lamed ל לָמֶד l IPA: [l]	Hebrew letter Mem × Hebrew letter Mem מ מֵם m IPA: [m] Hebrew letter Mem (final) × Hebrew letter Mem (final) ם מֵם סוֹפִית m IPA: [m]	Hebrew letter Nun × Hebrew letter Nun נ נוּן n IPA: [n] Hebrew letter Nun (final) × Hebrew letter Nun (final) ן נוּן סוֹפִית n IPA: [n]	Hebrew letter Samekh × Hebrew letter Samekh ס סָמֶךְ s IPA: [s]		Hebrew letter Ayin × Hebrew letter Ayin ע עַיִן ʿ IPA: [o]~[ō], ∅		Hebrew letter Pe × Hebrew letter Pe פ פֵא f IPA: [f] Hebrew letter Pe (final) × Hebrew letter Pe (final) ף פֵא סוֹפִית f IPA: [f]	Hebrew letter Tsadi × Hebrew letter Tsadi צ צָדִי ts IPA: [ts] Hebrew letter Tsadi (final) × Hebrew letter Tsadi (final) ץ צָדִי סוֹפִית ts IPA: [ts]			Hebrew letter Qof × Hebrew letter Qof ק קוֹף k IPA: [k]	Hebrew letter Resh × Hebrew letter Resh ר רֵישׁ r IPA: [ʁ]	Hebrew letter Shin × Hebrew letter Shin ש שִׁׂי sh IPA: [ʃ]						Hebrew letter Tav × Hebrew letter Tav ת תָו t IPA: [t]
Square Maalouli	Abjad ??? - ???	Square Maalouli letter Alef × Square Maalouli letter Alef a, e, i, o, u, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū IPA: ∅		Square Maalouli letter Bet × Square Maalouli letter Bet v IPA: /v/		Square Maalouli letter Gimel × Square Maalouli letter Gimel g IPA: /ɣ/		Square Maalouli letter Dalet × Square Maalouli letter Dalet d IPA: /ð/			Square Maalouli letter He × Square Maalouli letter He h IPA: /h/				Square Maalouli letter Vav × Square Maalouli letter Waw w IPA: /w/				Square Maalouli letter Zayin × Square Maalouli letter Zayin z IPA: /z/	Square Maalouli letter Ḥet × Square Maalouli letter Ḥet ḥ IPA: /ħ/		Square Maalouli letter Ṭet × Square Maalouli letter Ṭet ṭ IPA: /tˤ/		Square Maalouli letter Yod × Square Maalouli letter Yod y IPA: /j/		Square Maalouli letter Kaf × Square Maalouli letter Kaf ẖ IPA: /x/ Square Maalouli letter Kaf (final) × Square Maalouli letter Kaf (final) ẖ IPA: /x/	Square Maalouli letter Lamed × Square Maalouli letter Lamed l IPA: /l/	Square Maalouli letter Mem × Square Maalouli letter Mem m IPA: /m/ Square Maalouli letter Mem (final) × Square Maalouli letter Mem (final) m IPA: /m/	Square Maalouli letter Nun × Square Maalouli letter Nun n IPA: /n/ Square Maalouli letter Nun (final) × Square Maalouli letter Nun (final) n IPA: /n/	Square Maalouli letter Samekh × Square Maalouli letter Samekh s IPA: /s/		Square Maalouli letter Ayin × Square Maalouli letter Ayin ҁ IPA: /ʕ/		Square Maalouli letter Pe × Square Maalouli letter Pe f IPA: /f/ Square Maalouli letter Pe (final) × Square Maalouli letter Pe (final) f IPA: /f/	Square Maalouli letter Tsadi × Square Maalouli letter Tsadi ṣ IPA: /sˤ/ Square Maalouli letter Tsadi (final) × Square Maalouli letter Tsadi (final) ṣ IPA: /sˤ/			Square Maalouli letter Qof × Square Maalouli letter Qof q IPA: /k/~/ḳ/	Square Maalouli letter Resh × Square Maalouli letter Resh r IPA: /r/	Square Maalouli letter Shin × Square Maalouli letter Shin š IPA: /ʃ/						Square Maalouli letter Tav × Square Maalouli letter Tav ṯ IPA: /θ/
Inscriptional Parthian	Abjad 2 c. BCE - 3 c. CE	Inscriptional Parthian letter Aleph × Inscriptional Parthian letter Aleph 𐭀 𐭀𐭋𐭐 ʾ IPA: /a/, /aː/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Beth × Inscriptional Parthian letter Beth 𐭁 𐭁𐭕 b IPA: /b/, /v/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Gimel × Inscriptional Parthian letter Gimel 𐭂 𐭂𐭐𐭋 g IPA: /g/, /j/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Daleth × Inscriptional Parthian letter Daleth 𐭃 𐭃𐭋𐭕 d IPA: /d/, /j/			Inscriptional Parthian letter He × Inscriptional Parthian letter He 𐭄 𐭄 h IPA: /h/				Inscriptional Parthian letter Waw × Inscriptional Parthian letter Waw 𐭅 𐭅𐭅 w IPA: /v/, /r/				Inscriptional Parthian letter Zayin × Inscriptional Parthian letter Zayin 𐭆 𐭆𐭉𐭍 z IPA: /z/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Heth × Inscriptional Parthian letter Heth 𐭇 𐭇𐭕 h IPA: /h/, /x/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Teth × Inscriptional Parthian letter Teth 𐭈 𐭈𐭕 t IPA: /t/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Yodh × Inscriptional Parthian letter Yodh 𐭉 𐭉𐭃 j IPA: /j/, /ĕː/, /ĭː/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Kaph × Inscriptional Parthian letter Kaph 𐭊 𐭊𐭐 k IPA: /k/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Lamadh × Inscriptional Parthian letter Lamadh 𐭋 𐭋𐭌𐭃 l IPA: /l/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Mem × Inscriptional Parthian letter Mem 𐭌 𐭌𐭌 m IPA: /m/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Nun × Inscriptional Parthian letter Nun 𐭍 𐭍𐭍 n IPA: /n/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Samekh × Inscriptional Parthian letter Samekh 𐭎 𐭎𐭌𐭊 s IPA: /s/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Ayin × Inscriptional Parthian letter Ayin 𐭏 𐭏𐭉𐭃 ʿ IPA: /ʔ/		Inscriptional Parthian letter Pe × Inscriptional Parthian letter Pe 𐭐 𐭐 p IPA: /p/, /b/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Sadhe × Inscriptional Parthian letter Sadhe 𐭑 𐭑𐭃 s IPA: /s/			Inscriptional Parthian letter Qoph × Inscriptional Parthian letter Qoph 𐭒 𐭒𐭐 q IPA: /q/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Resh × Inscriptional Parthian letter Resh 𐭓 𐭓𐭔 r IPA: /r/	Inscriptional Parthian letter Shin × Inscriptional Parthian letter Shin 𐭔 𐭔𐭍 sh IPA: /ʃ/, /ʒ/						Inscriptional Parthian letter Taw × Inscriptional Parthian letter Taw 𐭕 𐭕𐭅 t IPA: /t/, /d/
Inscriptional Pahlavi	Abjad 3 c. CE - 6 c. CE	Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Aleph × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Aleph 𐭠 𐭠𐭋𐭐 ʾ IPA: /a/, /aː/		Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Beth × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Beth 𐭡 𐭡𐭕 b IPA: /b/, /w/		Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Gimel × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Gimel 𐭢 𐭢𐭌𐭋 g IPA: /g/, /j/		Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Daleth × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Daleth 𐭣 𐭣𐭫𐭲 d IPA: /d/, /j/			Inscriptional Pahlavi letter He × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter He 𐭤 𐭤 h IPA: /h/				Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh 𐭥 w, ʿ, r IPA: /u/, /o/, /v/, /ʕ/, /r/				Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Zayin × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Zayin 𐭦 𐭦𐭩𐭭 z IPA: /z/	Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Heth × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Heth 𐭧 𐭧𐭲 h IPA: /h/, /x/		Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Teth × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Teth 𐭨 𐭨𐭲 t IPA: /tˤ/		Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Yodh × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Yodh 𐭩 𐭩𐭣 j IPA: /j/, /eː/, /iː/, /d̠͡ʒ/		Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Kaph × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Kaph 𐭪 𐭪𐭯 k IPA: /k/, /ɡ/	Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Lamadh × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Lamadh 𐭫 𐭫𐭬𐭣 l IPA: /l/, /r/	Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph 𐭬 m, q IPA: /m/, /q/	Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Nun × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Nun 𐭭 𐭭𐭭 n IPA: /n/	Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Samekh × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Samekh 𐭮 𐭮𐭬𐭪 s IPA: /s/, /h/				Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Pe × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Pe 𐭯 𐭯 p IPA: /p/, /b/, /f/	Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Sadhe × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Sadhe 𐭰 𐭰𐭣 s IPA: /t̠͡ʃ/, /d̠͡ʒ/, /z/					Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Shin × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Shin 𐭱 𐭱𐭭 sh IPA: /ʃ//						Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Taw × Inscriptional Pahlavi letter Taw 𐭲 𐭲𐭥 t IPA: /t/, /d/
Book Pahlavi	Abjad 5 c. CE - Present	Book Pahlavi letter Aleph-Heth × Book Pahlavi letter Aleph-Heth ʾ, h, x		Book Pahlavi letter Beth × Book Pahlavi letter Beth b		Book Pahlavi letter Gimel-Daleth-Yodh × Book Pahlavi letter Gimel-Daleth-Yodh g, d, y		Old Book Pahlavi letter Daleth × Old Book Pahlavi letter Daleth d Used in historical spellings.			Book Pahlavi letter He × Book Pahlavi letter He h				Book Pahlavi letter Waw-Nun-Ayin-Resh × Book Pahlavi letter Waw-Nun-Ayin-Resh w, n, ʿ, r				Book Pahlavi letter Zayin × Book Pahlavi letter Zayin z							Book Pahlavi letter Kaph × Book Pahlavi letter Kaph k Old Book Pahlavi letter Kaph × Old Book Pahlavi letter Kaph k	Book Pahlavi letter Lamedh × Book Pahlavi letter Lamedh r Book Pahlavi letter Stroked Lamadh × Book Pahlavi letter Stroked Lamadh l, r Book Pahlavi letter Hooked Lamadh × Book Pahlavi letter Hooked Lamadh l Used in Aramaic heterograms. Old Book Pahlavi letter Lamedh × Old Book Pahlavi letter Lamedh l Used in Aramaic heterograms.	Book Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph × Book Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph m, q		Book Pahlavi letter Samekh × Book Pahlavi letter Samekh s Alternate Book Pahlavi letter Samekh × Alternate Book Pahlavi letter Samekh s				Book Pahlavi letter Pe × Book Pahlavi letter Pe p	Book Pahlavi letter Sadhe × Book Pahlavi letter Sadhe s					Book Pahlavi letter Shin × Book Pahlavi letter Shin sh						Book Pahlavi letter Taw × Book Pahlavi letter Taw t
Avestan	Alphabet 5/6 c. CE - Present	Avestan letter A × Avestan letter A 𐬀 a IPA: /a/		Avestan letter Be × Avestan letter Be 𐬠 b IPA: /b/				Avestan letter De × Avestan letter De 𐬛 d IPA: /d/							Avestan letter Ne × Avestan letter Ne 𐬥 n IPA: /n/ Avestan letter I × Avestan letter I 𐬌 i IPA: /ɪ/ Avestan letter Re × Avestan letter Re 𐬭 r IPA: /r/				Avestan letter Ze × Avestan letter Ze 𐬰 z IPA: /z/							Avestan letter Ke × Avestan letter Ke 𐬐 k IPA: /k/		Avestan letter Me × Avestan letter Me 𐬨 m IPA: /m/		Avestan letter Se × Avestan letter Se 𐬯 s IPA: /s/				Avestan letter Pe × Avestan letter Pe 𐬞 p IPA: /p/						Avestan letter She × Avestan letter She 𐬱 š IPA: /ʃ/						Avestan letter Te × Avestan letter Te 𐬙 t IPA: /t/
Psalter Pahlavi	Abjad Mid 6 c. CE - 7 c. CE	Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph × Psalter Pahlavi letter Aleph 𐮀 𐮀𐮊𐮎 ʾ IPA: /a/, /aː/		Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth × Psalter Pahlavi letter Beth 𐮁 𐮁𐮑 b IPA: /b/, /w/		Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel × Psalter Pahlavi letter Gimel 𐮂 𐮂𐮋𐮊 g IPA: /g/, /j/		Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth × Psalter Pahlavi letter Daleth 𐮃 𐮃𐮊𐮑 d IPA: /d/, /j/			Psalter Pahlavi letter He × Psalter Pahlavi letter He 𐮄 𐮄 h IPA: /h/				Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh × Psalter Pahlavi letter Waw-Ayin-Resh 𐮅 w, ʿ, r IPA: /u/, /o/, /v/, /ʕ/, /r/				Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin × Psalter Pahlavi letter Zayin 𐮆 𐮆𐮈𐮌 z IPA: /z/	Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth × Psalter Pahlavi letter Heth 𐮇 𐮇𐮑 h IPA: /h/, /x/				Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh × Psalter Pahlavi letter Yodh 𐮈 𐮈𐮃 j IPA: /j/, /eː/, /iː/, /d̠͡ʒ/		Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph × Psalter Pahlavi letter Kaph 𐮉 𐮉𐮎 k IPA: /k/, /ɡ/	Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh × Psalter Pahlavi letter Lamadh 𐮊 𐮊𐮋𐮃 l IPA: /l/, /r/	Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph × Psalter Pahlavi letter Mem-Qoph 𐮋 m, q IPA: /m/, /q/	Psalter Pahlavi letter Nun × Psalter Pahlavi letter Nun 𐮌 𐮌𐮌 n IPA: /n/	Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh × Psalter Pahlavi letter Samekh 𐮍 𐮍𐮋𐮉 s IPA: /s/, /h/				Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe × Psalter Pahlavi letter Pe 𐮎 𐮎 p IPA: /p/, /b/, /f/	Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe × Psalter Pahlavi letter Sadhe 𐮏 𐮏𐮃 s IPA: /t̠͡ʃ/, /d̠͡ʒ/, /z/					Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin × Psalter Pahlavi letter Shin 𐮐 𐮐𐮌 sh IPA: /ʃ/						Psalter Pahlavi letter Taw × Psalter Pahlavi letter Taw 𐮑 𐮑𐮅 t IPA: /t/, /d/
Elymaic	Abjad 2 c. BCE - 3 c. CE	Elymaic letter Aleph × Elymaic letter Aleph 𐿠 𐿠𐿫𐿰 ʾ		Elymaic letter Beth × Elymaic letter Beth 𐿡 𐿡𐿵 b		Elymaic letter Gimel × Elymaic letter Gimel 𐿢‎ 𐿢𐿬𐿫 g		Elymaic letter Daleth × Elymaic letter Daleth 𐿣 𐿣𐿫𐿵 d			Elymaic letter He × Elymaic letter He 𐿤 𐿤 h				Elymaic letter Waw × Elymaic letter Waw 𐿥 𐿥𐿥 w				Elymaic letter Zayin × Elymaic letter Zayin 𐿦 𐿦𐿩𐿭 z	Elymaic letter Heth × Elymaic letter Heth 𐿧 𐿧𐿵 ḥ		Elymaic letter Teth × Elymaic letter Teth 𐿨 𐿨𐿵 ṭ		Elymaic letter Yodh × Elymaic letter Yodh 𐿩 𐿩𐿣 j		Elymaic letter Kaph × Elymaic letter Kaph 𐿪 𐿪𐿰 k	Elymaic letter Lamedh × Elymaic letter Lamedh 𐿫 𐿫𐿬𐿣 l	Elymaic letter Mem × Elymaic letter Mem 𐿬 𐿬𐿬 m	Elymaic letter Nun × Elymaic letter Nun 𐿭 𐿭𐿭 n	Elymaic letter Samekh × Elymaic letter Samekh 𐿮 𐿮𐿬𐿪 s		Elymaic letter Ayin × Elymaic letter Ayin 𐿯 𐿯𐿩𐿭 ʿ		Elymaic letter Pe × Elymaic letter Pe 𐿰 𐿰 p	Elymaic letter Sadhe × Elymaic letter Sadhe 𐿱 𐿱𐿣 ṣ			Elymaic letter Qoph × Elymaic letter Qoph 𐿲 𐿲𐿰 q	Elymaic letter Res × Elymaic letter Res 𐿳 𐿳𐿴 r	Elymaic letter Shin × Elymaic letter Shin 𐿴 𐿴𐿭 š						Elymaic letter Taw × Elymaic letter Taw 𐿵 𐿵𐿥 t
Classical Nabataean	Abjad 2 c. BCE - 4 c. CE	Classical Nabataean letter Ālaph × Classical Nabataean letter Ālaph 𐢁 𐢁𐢑𐢘 ʾ IPA: [ʔ] Classical Nabataean letter Ālaph (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Ālaph (final) 𐢀 𐢁𐢑𐢘 ʾ IPA: [ʔ]		Classical Nabataean letter Bēth × Classical Nabataean letter Bēth 𐢃 𐢃𐢞 b IPA: [b] Classical Nabataean letter Bēth (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Bēth (final) 𐢂 𐢃𐢞 b IPA: [b]		Classical Nabataean letter Gāmal × Classical Nabataean letter Gāmal 𐢄 𐢄𐢓𐢐 g IPA: [ɡ]		Classical Nabataean letter Dālath × Classical Nabataean letter Dālath 𐢅 𐢅𐢑𐢞 d IPA: [d]			Classical Nabataean letter Hē × Classical Nabataean letter Hē 𐢇 𐢇 h IPA: [h] Classical Nabataean letter Hē (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Hē (final) 𐢆 𐢇 h IPA: [h]				Classical Nabataean letter Waw × Classical Nabataean letter Waw 𐢈 w IPA: [w]				Classical Nabataean letter Zain × Classical Nabataean letter Zain 𐢉 𐢉𐢍𐢔 z IPA: [z]	Classical Nabataean letter Khēth × Classical Nabataean letter Khēth 𐢊 𐢊𐢞 ḥ IPA: [ħ]		Classical Nabataean letter Ṭēth × Classical Nabataean letter Ṭēth 𐢋 𐢋𐢞 ṭ IPA: [tˤ]		Classical Nabataean letter Iodh × Classical Nabataean letter Iodh 𐢍 𐢍𐢅 y IPA: [j] Classical Nabataean letter Iodh (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Iodh (final) 𐢌 𐢍𐢅 y IPA: [j]		Classical Nabataean letter Kāph × Classical Nabataean letter Kāph 𐢏 𐢏𐢘 k IPA: [k] Classical Nabataean letter Kāph (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Kāph (final) 𐢎 𐢏𐢘 k IPA: [k]	Classical Nabataean letter Lāmadh × Classical Nabataean letter Lāmadh 𐢑 𐢑𐢓𐢅 l IPA: [l] Classical Nabataean letter Lāmadh (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Lāmadh (final) 𐢐 𐢑𐢓𐢅 l IPA: [l]	Classical Nabataean letter Mem × Classical Nabataean letter Mem 𐢓 𐢓𐢒 m IPA: [m] Classical Nabataean letter Mem (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Mem (final) 𐢒 𐢓𐢒 m IPA: [m]	Classical Nabataean letter Nun × Classical Nabataean letter Nun 𐢕 𐢕𐢔 n IPA: [n] Classical Nabataean letter Nun (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Nun (final) 𐢔 𐢕𐢔 n IPA: [n]	Classical Nabataean letter Semkath × Classical Nabataean letter Semkath 𐢖 𐢖𐢓𐢎 ś IPA: [s]		Classical Nabataean letter Ayin × Classical Nabataean letter Ayin 𐢗 𐢗𐢍𐢔 ʿ IPA: [ʕ]		Classical Nabataean letter Pē × Classical Nabataean letter Pē 𐢘 𐢘 p IPA: [p]	Classical Nabataean letter Ṩādhē × Classical Nabataean letter Ṩādhē 𐢙 𐢙𐢅 ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Classical Nabataean letter Qoph × Classical Nabataean letter Qoph 𐢚 𐢚𐢘 q IPA: [q]	Classical Nabataean letter Rēš × Classical Nabataean letter Rēš 𐢛 𐢛𐢜 r IPA: [r]	Classical Nabataean letter Šīn × Classical Nabataean letter Šīn 𐢝 𐢝𐢔 š IPA: [ʃ] Classical Nabataean letter Šīn (final) × Classical Nabataean letter Šīn (final) 𐢜 𐢝𐢔 š IPA: [ʃ]						Classical Nabataean letter Taw × Classical Nabataean letter Taw 𐢞 𐢞𐢈 t IPA: [t]
Late Nabataean	Abjad 3 c. CE - 5 c. CE	Late Nabataean letter Ālaph × Late Nabataean letter Ālaph ʾ IPA: [ʔ]		Late Nabataean letter Bēth × Late Nabataean letter Bēth b IPA: [b]		Late Nabataean letter Gāmal × Late Nabataean letter Gāmal g IPA: [ɡ]		Late Nabataean letter Dālath × Late Nabataean letter Dālath d IPA: [d]			Late Nabataean letter Hē × Late Nabataean letter Hē h IPA: [h] Late Nabataean letter Hē (final) × Late Nabataean letter Hē (final) h IPA: [h]				Late Nabataean letter Waw × Late Nabataean letter Waw w IPA: [w]				Late Nabataean letter Zain × Late Nabataean letter Zain z IPA: [z]	Late Nabataean letter Khēth × Late Nabataean letter Khēth ḥ IPA: [ħ]		Late Nabataean letter Ṭēth × Late Nabataean letter Ṭēth ṭ IPA: [tˤ]		Late Nabataean letter Iodh × Late Nabataean letter Iodh y IPA: [j] Late Nabataean letter Iodh (final) × Late Nabataean letter Iodh (final) y IPA: [j]		Late Nabataean letter Kāph × Late Nabataean letter Kāph k IPA: [k]	Late Nabataean letter Lāmadh × Late Nabataean letter Lāmadh l IPA: [l]	Late Nabataean letter Mem × Late Nabataean letter Mem m IPA: [m]	Late Nabataean letter Nun × Late Nabataean letter Nun n IPA: [n]	Late Nabataean letter Semkath × Late Nabataean letter Semkath ś IPA: [s]		Late Nabataean letter Ayin × Late Nabataean letter Ayin ʿ IPA: [ʕ]		Late Nabataean letter Pē × Late Nabataean letter Pē p IPA: [p]	Late Nabataean letter Ṩādhē × Late Nabataean letter Ṩādhē ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Late Nabataean letter Qoph × Late Nabataean letter Qoph q IPA: [q]	Late Nabataean letter Rēš × Late Nabataean letter Rēš r IPA: [r]	Late Nabataean letter Šīn × Late Nabataean letter Šīn š IPA: [ʃ]						Late Nabataean letter Taw × Late Nabataean letter Taw t IPA: [t]
Arabic	Abjad 4 c. CE - Present	Arabic letter ʾalif (isolated) Arabic letter ʾalif (initial/medial/final)		Arabic letter Bāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Bāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Bāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Bāʾ (final)		Arabic letter Jīm (isolated) Arabic letter Jīm (initial) Arabic letter Jīm (medial) Arabic letter Jīm (final)		Arabic letter Dāl (isolated/initial) Arabic letter Dāl (medial/final)	Arabic letter Dhāl (isolated/initial) Arabic letter Dhāl (medial/final)		Arabic letter Hāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Hāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Hā (medial) Arabic letter Hāʾ (final)				Arabic letter Wāw (isolated/initial) Arabic letter Wāw (medial/final)				Arabic letter Zāy/Zayn (isolated/initial) Arabic letter Zāy/Zayn (medial/final)	Arabic letter Ḥāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Ḥāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Ḥāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Ḥāʾ (final)	Arabic letter Khāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Khāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Khāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Khāʾ (final)	Arabic letter Ṭāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Ṭāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Ṭāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Ṭāʾ (final)	Arabic letter Ẓāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Ẓāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Ẓāʾ(medial) Arabic letter Ẓāʾ(final)	Arabic letter Yāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Yāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Yāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Yāʾ (final)		Arabic letter Kāf (isolated) Arabic letter Kāf (initial) Arabic letter Kāf (medial) Arabic letter Kāf (final)	Arabic letter Lām (isolated) Arabic letter Lām (initial) Arabic letter Lām (medial) Arabic letter Lām (final)	Arabic letter Mīm (isolated) Arabic letter Mīm (initial) Arabic letter Mīm (medial) Arabic letter Mīm (final)	Arabic letter Nūn (isolated) Arabic letter Nūn (initial) Arabic letter Nūn (medial) Arabic letter Nūn (final)			Arabic letter ʿayn (isolated) Arabic letter ʿayn (initial) Arabic letter ʿayn (medial) Arabic letter ʿayn (final)	Arabic letter Ghayn (isolated) Arabic letter Ghayn (initial) Arabic letter Ghayn (medial) Arabic letter Ghayn (final)	Arabic letter Fāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Fāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Fāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Fāʾ (final)	Arabic letter Ṣād (isolated) Arabic letter Ṣād (initial) Arabic letter Ṣād (medial) Arabic letter Ṣād (final)	Arabic letter Ḍād (isolated) Arabic letter Ḍād (initial) Arabic letter Ḍād (medial) Arabic letter Ḍād (final)		Arabic letter Qāf (isolated) Arabic letter Qāf (initial) Arabic letter Qāf (medial) Arabic letter Qāf (final)	Arabic letter Rāʾ (isolated/initial) Arabic letter Rāʾ (medial/final)	Arabic letter Sīn (isolated) Arabic letter Sīn (initial) Arabic letter Sīn (medial) Arabic letter Sīn (final)	Arabic letter Shīn (isolated) Arabic letter Shīn (initial) Arabic letter Shīn (medial) Arabic letter Shīn (final)					Arabic letter Tāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Tāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Tāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Tāʾ (final)	Arabic letter Thāʾ (isolated) Arabic letter Thāʾ (initial) Arabic letter Thāʾ (medial) Arabic letter Thāʾ (final)
Lontara Bilang-bilang	Abugida 17 c. CE - Present	Lontara Bilang-bilang letter A		Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Ba		Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Ja		Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Da							Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Wa									Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Ya		Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Ka	Lontara Bilang-bilang letter La	Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Ma	Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Na					Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Pa					Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Ra	Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Sa						Lontara Bilang-bilang letter Ta
Palmyrene	Abjad 1 c. BCE - 3 c. CE	Palmyrene letter Aleph × Palmyrene letter Aleph 𐡠 𐡠𐡫𐡱 ʾ		Palmyrene letter Beth × Palmyrene letter Beth 𐡡 𐡡𐡶 b		Palmyrene letter Gimel × Palmyrene letter Gimel 𐡢‎ 𐡢𐡬𐡫 g		Palmyrene letter Daleth × Palmyrene letter Daleth 𐡣 𐡣𐡫𐡶 d			Palmyrene letter He × Palmyrene letter He 𐡤 𐡤 h				Palmyrene letter Waw × Palmyrene letter Waw 𐡥‎ 𐡥𐡥 w				Palmyrene letter Zayin × Palmyrene letter Zayin 𐡦 𐡦𐡩𐡣 z	Palmyrene letter Heth × Palmyrene letter Heth 𐡧 𐡧𐡶 ḥ		Palmyrene letter Teth × Palmyrene letter Teth 𐡨 𐡨𐡶 ṭ		Palmyrene letter Yodh × Palmyrene letter Yodh 𐡩 𐡩𐡣 j		Palmyrene letter Kaph × Palmyrene letter Kaph 𐡪 𐡪𐡱 k	Palmyrene letter Lamedh × Palmyrene letter Lamedh 𐡫 𐡫𐡬𐡣 l	Palmyrene letter Mem × Palmyrene letter Mem 𐡬 𐡬𐡬 m	Palmyrene letter Nun × Palmyrene letter Nun 𐡮 𐡮𐡭 n Palmyrene letter Nun (final) × Palmyrene letter Nun (final) 𐡭 𐡮𐡭 n	Palmyrene letter Samekh × Palmyrene letter Samekh 𐡯 𐡯𐡬𐡪 s		Palmyrene letter Ayin × Palmyrene letter Ayin 𐡰 𐡰𐡦𐡭 ʿ		Palmyrene letter Pe × Palmyrene letter Pe 𐡱 𐡱 p	Palmyrene letter Sadhe × Palmyrene letter Sadhe 𐡲 𐡲𐡣 ṣ			Palmyrene letter Qoph × Palmyrene letter Qoph 𐡳 𐡳𐡱 q	Palmyrene letter Res × Palmyrene letter Res 𐡴 𐡴𐡵 r	Palmyrene letter Shin × Palmyrene letter Shin 𐡵 𐡵𐡭 š						Palmyrene letter Taw × Palmyrene letter Taw 𐡶 𐡶𐡥 t
Hatran	Abjad c. 98 BCE - 240 CE	Hatran letter Aleph × Hatran letter Aleph 𐣠 𐣠𐣫𐣰 ʾ IPA: [ʔ], ∅		Hatran letter Beth × Hatran letter Beth 𐣡 𐣡𐣵 hard: b, soft: ḇ IPA: hard: [b], soft: [v] or [w]		Hatran letter Gimel × Hatran letter Gimel 𐣢‎ 𐣢𐣬𐣫 hard: g, soft: ḡ IPA: hard: [ɡ], soft: [ɣ]		Hatran letter Daleth × Hatran letter Daleth 𐣣 𐣣𐣫𐣵 hard: d, soft: ḏ IPA: hard: [d], soft: [ð]			Hatran letter He × Hatran letter He 𐣤 𐣤 h IPA: [h]				Hatran letter Waw × Hatran letter Waw 𐣥 𐣥𐣥 consonant: w, mater lectionis: ū or ō IPA: consonant: [w], mater lectionis: [u] or [o]				Hatran letter Zayin × Hatran letter Zayin 𐣦 𐣦𐣩𐣭 z IPA: [z]	Hatran letter Heth × Hatran letter Heth 𐣧 𐣧𐣵 ḥ IPA: [ħ], [x], or [χ]		Hatran letter Teth × Hatran letter Teth 𐣨 𐣨𐣵 ṭ IPA: [tˤ]		Hatran letter Yodh × Hatran letter Yodh 𐣩 𐣩𐣣 consonant: y, mater lectionis: ī IPA: consonant: [j], mater lectionis: [i] or [e]		Hatran letter Kaph × Hatran letter Kaph 𐣪‎ 𐣪𐣰 hard: k, soft: ḵ IPA: hard: [k], soft: [x]	Hatran letter Lamedh × Hatran letter Lamedh 𐣫 𐣫𐣬𐣣 l IPA: [l]	Hatran letter Mem × Hatran letter Mem 𐣬 𐣬𐣬 m IPA: [m]	Hatran letter Nun × Hatran letter Nun 𐣭 𐣭𐣭 n IPA: [n]	Hatran letter Samekh × Hatran letter Samekh 𐣮 𐣮𐣬𐣪 s IPA: [s]		Hatran letter Ayin × Hatran letter Ayin 𐣯 𐣯𐣩𐣭 ʿ IPA: [ʕ]		Hatran letter Pe × Hatran letter Pe 𐣰 𐣰 hard: p, soft: p̄ IPA: hard: [p], soft: [f]	Hatran letter Sadhe × Hatran letter Sadhe 𐣱 𐣱𐣣 ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Hatran letter Qoph × Hatran letter Qoph 𐣲 𐣲𐣰 q IPA: [q]	Hatran letter Res × Hatran letter Res 𐣣 𐣣𐣴 r IPA: [r]	Hatran letter Shin × Hatran letter Shin 𐣴 𐣴𐣭 š IPA: [ʃ]						Hatran letter Taw × Hatran letter Taw 𐣵 𐣵𐣥 hard: t, soft: ṯ IPA: hard: [t], soft: [θ]
Syriac	Abjad 1 c. CE - Present	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter ʾĀlep̄ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter ʾĀlep̄ ܐ ܐܠܦ ʾ, ∅, mater lectionis: ā IPA: [ʔ], ∅, mater lectionis: [ɑ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter ʾĀlap̄ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter ʾĀlep̄ ܐ ܐܠܦ ʾ, ∅, mater lectionis: ā IPA: [ʔ], ∅, mater lectionis: [ɑ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter ʾĀlap̄/Olaf × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter ʾĀlap̄/Olaf ʾ, ∅, mater lectionis: ā IPA: [ʔ], ∅, mater lectionis: [ɑ]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Bēṯ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Bēṯ ܒ ܒܝܬ hard: b, soft: ḇ (also bh, v or β) IPA: hard: [b], soft: [v] or [w] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Bēṯ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Bēṯ ܒ ܒܝܬ hard: b, soft: ḇ (also bh, v or β) IPA: hard: [b], soft: [v] or [w] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Bēṯ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Bēṯ hard: b, soft: ḇ (also bh, v or β) IPA: hard: [b], soft: [v] or [w]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Gāmal × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Gāmal ܓ ܓܡܠ hard: g, soft: ḡ (also g̱, gh, ġ or γ) IPA: hard: [ɡ], soft: [ɣ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Gāmal × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Gāmal ܓ ܓܡܠ hard: g, soft: ḡ (also g̱, gh, ġ or γ) IPA: hard: [ɡ], soft: [ɣ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Gāmal × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Gāmal hard: g, soft: ḡ (also g̱, gh, ġ or γ) IPA: hard: [ɡ], soft: [ɣ]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Dālaṯ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Dālaṯ ܕ ܕܠܬ hard: d, soft: ḏ (also dh, ð or δ) IPA: hard: [d], soft: [ð] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Dālaṯ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Dālaṯ ܕ ܕܠܬ hard: d, soft: ḏ (also dh, ð or δ) IPA: hard: [d], soft: [ð] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Dālaṯ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Dālaṯ hard: d, soft: ḏ (also dh, ð or δ) IPA: hard: [d], soft: [ð]			ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Hē × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Hē ܗ ܗܐ h IPA: [h] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Hē × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Hē ܗ ܗܐ h IPA: [h] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Hē × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Hē h IPA: [h]				ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Waw × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Waw ܘ ܘܘ consonant: w, mater lectionis: ū or ō (also u or o) IPA: consonant: [w], mater lectionis: [u] or [o] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Waw × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Waw ܘ ܘܘ consonant: w, mater lectionis: ū or ō (also u or o) IPA: consonant: [w], mater lectionis: [u] or [o] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Waw × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Waw consonant: w, mater lectionis: ū or ō (also u or o) IPA: consonant: [w], mater lectionis: [u] or [o]				ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Zayn × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Zayn ܙ ܙܝܢ z IPA: [z] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Zayn × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Zayn ܙ ܙܝܢ z IPA: [z] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Zayn × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Zayn z IPA: [z]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Ḥēṯ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Ḥēṯ ܚ ܛܝܬ ḥ (also H, kh, x or ħ) IPA: [ħ], [x] or [χ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Ḥēṯ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Ḥēṯ ܚ ܛܝܬ ḥ (also H, kh, x or ħ) IPA: [ħ], [x] or [χ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Ḥēṯ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Ḥēṯ ḥ (also H, kh, x or ħ) IPA: [ħ], [x] or [χ]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Ṭēṯ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Ṭēṯ ܛ ܛܝܬ ṭ (also T or ţ) IPA: [tˤ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Ṭēṯ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Ṭēṯ ܛ ܛܝܬ ṭ (also T or ţ) IPA: [tˤ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Ṭēṯ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Ṭēṯ/h3> ṭ (also T or ţ) IPA: [tˤ]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Yōḏ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Yōḏ ܝ ܝܘܕ consonant: y, mater lectionis: ī (also i) IPA: consonant: [j], mater lectionis: [i] or [e] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Yōḏ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Yōḏ ܝ ܝܘܕ consonant: y, mater lectionis: ī (also i) IPA: consonant: [j], mater lectionis: [i] or [e] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Yōḏ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Yōḏ consonant: y, mater lectionis: ī (also i) IPA: consonant: [j], mater lectionis: [i] or [e]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Kāp̄ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Kāp̄ ܟ ܟܦ hard: k, soft: ḵ (also kh or x) IPA: hard: [k], soft: [x] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Kāp̄ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Kāp̄ ܟ ܟܦ hard: k, soft: ḵ (also kh or x) IPA: hard: [k], soft: [x] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Kāp̄ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Kāp̄ hard: k, soft: ḵ (also kh or x) IPA: hard: [k], soft: [x]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Lāmaḏ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Lāmaḏ ܠ ܠܡܕ l IPA: [l] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Lāmaḏ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Lāmaḏ ܠ ܠܡܕ l IPA: [l] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Lāmaḏ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Lāmaḏ l IPA: [l]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Mīm × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Mīm ܡ ܡܝܡ m IPA: [m] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Mīm × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Mīm ܡ ܡܝܡ m IPA: [m] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Mīm × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Mīm m IPA: [m]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Nūn × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Nūn ܢ ܢܘܢ n IPA: [n] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Nūn × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Nūn ܢ ܢܘܢ n IPA: [n] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Nūn × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Nūn n IPA: [n]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Semkaṯ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Semkaṯ ܣ ܣܡܟܬ ś IPA: [s] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Semkaṯ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Semkaṯ ܣ ܣܡܟܬ ś IPA: [s] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Semkaṯ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Semkaṯ ś IPA: [s]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter ʿĒ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter ʿĒ ܥ ܥܐ ʿ IPA: [ʕ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter ʿĒ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter ʿĒ ܥ ܥܐ ʿ IPA: [ʕ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter ʿĒ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter ʿĒ ʿ IPA: [ʕ]		ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Pē × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Pē ܦ ܦܐ hard: p, soft: p̄ (also p̱, ᵽ, ph or f) IPA: hard: [p], soft: [f] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Pē × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Pē ܦ ܦܐ hard: p, soft: p̄ (also p̱, ᵽ, ph or f) IPA: hard: [p], soft: [f] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Pē × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Pē hard: p, soft: p̄ (also p̱, ᵽ, ph or f) IPA: hard: [p], soft: [f]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Ṣāḏē × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Ṣāḏē ܨ ܨܕܐ ṣ (also S or ş) IPA: [sˤ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Ṣāḏē × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Ṣāḏē ܨ ܨܕܐ ṣ (also S or ş) IPA: [sˤ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Ṣāḏē × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Ṣāḏē ṣ (also S or ş) IPA: [sˤ]			ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Qōp̄ × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Qōp̄ ܩ ܩܘܦ q (also ḳ) IPA: [q] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Qōp̄ × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Qōp̄ ܩ ܩܘܦ q (also ḳ) IPA: [q] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Qōp̄ × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Qōp̄ q (also ḳ) IPA: [q]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Rēš × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Rēš ܪ ܪܝܫ r IPA: [r] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Rēš × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Rēš ܪ ܪܝܫ r IPA: [r] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Rēš × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Rēš r IPA: [r]	ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Šīn × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Šīn ܫ ܫܝܢ š (also sh) IPA: [ʃ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Šīn × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Šīn ܫ ܫܝܢ š (also sh) IPA: [ʃ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Šīn × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Šīn š (also sh) IPA: [ʃ]						ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Taw × ʾEsṭrangēlā/Classical Syriac letter Taw ܬ ܬܘ hard: t, soft: ṯ (also th or θ) IPA: hard: [t], soft: [θ] Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Taw × Maḏnḥāyā/Eastern Syriac letter Taw ܬ ܬܘ hard: t, soft: ṯ (also th or θ) IPA: hard: [t], soft: [θ] Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Taw × Serṭā/Western Syriac letter Taw hard: t, soft: ṯ (also th or θ) IPA: hard: [t], soft: [θ]
Sogdian	Abjad 2 c. CE - 11 c. CE	Sogdian letter Aleph (old) Sogdian letter Aleph (cursive)		Sogdian letter Beth (old) Sogdian letter Beth (cursive)		Sogdian letter Gimel (old) Sogdian letter Gimel (cursive)		Sogdian letter Resh-Ayin-Daleth (old)			Sogdian letter He (old) Sogdian letter He (cursive)				Sogdian letter Waw (old) Sogdian letter Waw (cursive)				Sogdian letter Zayin (old) Sogdian letter Zayin (cursive)	Sogdian letter Heth (old) Sogdian letter Heth (cursive)				Sogdian letter Yodh (old) Sogdian letter Yodh (cursive)		Sogdian letter Kaph (old) Sogdian letter Kaph (cursive)	Sogdian letter Lamedh (old) Sogdian letter Lamedh (cursive)	Sogdian letter Mem (old) Sogdian letter Mem (cursive)	Sogdian letter Nun (old) Sogdian letter Nun (cursive)	Sogdian letter Samekh (old) Sogdian letter Samekh (cursive)		Sogdian letter Resh-Ayin-Daleth (old)		Sogdian letter Pe (old) Sogdian letter Pe (cursive)	Sogdian letter Sadhe (old) Sogdian letter Sadhe (cursive)				Sogdian letter Resh-Ayin-Daleth (old) Sogdian letter Resh (cursive)	Sogdian letter Shin (old) Sogdian letter Shin (cursive)						Sogdian letter Taw (old) Sogdian letter Taw (cursive)
Manichaean	Abjad 3 c. CE - 10 c. CE	Manichaean letter Aleph		Manichaean letter Beth		Manichaean letter Gimel		Manichaean letter Daleth			Manichaean letter He				Manichaean letter Waw				Manichaean letter Zayin	Manichaean letter Heth		Manichaean letter Teth		Manichaean letter Yodh		Manichaean letter Kaph	Manichaean letter Lamedh	Manichaean letter Mem	Manichaean letter Nun	Manichaean letter Samekh		Manichaean letter Ayin		Manichaean letter Pe	Manichaean letter Sadhe			Manichaean letter Qoph	Manichaean letter Resh	Manichaean letter Shin						Manichaean letter Taw
Old Uyghur	Abjad 8 c. CE - 19 c. CE	Old Uyghur letter Aleph		Old Uyghur letter Beth		Old Uyghur letter Gimel-heth									Old Uyghur letter Waw				Old Uyghur letter Zayin	Old Uyghur letter Gimel-heth				Old Uyghur letter Yodh		Old Uyghur letter Kaph	Old Uyghur letter Lamedh	Old Uyghur letter Mem	Old Uyghur letter Nun	Old Uyghur letter Samekh				Old Uyghur letter Pe	Old Uyghur letter Sadhe				Old Uyghur letter Resh	Old Uyghur letter Shin						Old Uyghur letter Taw
Mongolian	Alphabet 1204. CE - Present	Mongolian letter A (isolated) Mongolian letter E (isolated)				Mongolian letter Qa (isolated) Mongolian letter Ga (isolated)									Mongolian letter O (isolated) Mongolian letter U (isolated) Mongolian letter Oe (isolated) Mongolian letter Ue (isolated)				Mongolian letter Sa (isolated)	Mongolian letter Qa (isolated) Mongolian letter Ga (isolated)				Mongolian letter I (isolated) Mongolian letter Ya (isolated) Mongolian letter Ja (isolated)		Mongolian letter Qa (isolated) Mongolian letter Ga (isolated)	Mongolian letter Ta (isolated) Mongolian letter Da (isolated)	Mongolian letter Ma (isolated)	Mongolian letter Na (isolated)	Mongolian letter Sa (isolated) Mongolian letter Sha (isolated)				Mongolian letter Ba (isolated)	Mongolian letter Cha (isolated) Mongolian letter Ja (isolated)				Mongolian letter La (isolated) Mongolian letter Ra (isolated)	Mongolian letter Sa (isolated)						Mongolian letter Ta (isolated) Mongolian letter Da (isolated)
Galik	Alphabet 1587 CE - ???	Galik letter A (isolated) Galik letter E (isolated)		Galik letter Ee (isolated) Galik letter Wa (isolated)		Galik letter Qa (isolated) Galik letter Ga (isolated)									Galik letter O (isolated) Galik letter U (isolated) Galik letter Oe (isolated) Galik letter Ue (isolated)				Galik letter Sa (isolated)	Galik letter Qa (isolated) Galik letter Ga (isolated)				Galik letter I (isolated) Galik letter Ya (isolated) Galik letter Ja (isolated)		Galik letter Qa (isolated) Galik letter Ga (isolated)	Galik letter Ta (isolated) Galik letter Da (isolated)	Galik letter Ma (isolated)	Galik letter Na (isolated)	Galik letter Sa (isolated) Galik letter Sha (isolated)				Galik letter Ba (isolated)	Galik letter Cha (isolated) Galik letter Ja (isolated)				Galik letter La (isolated) Galik letter Ra (isolated)	Galik letter Sa (isolated)						Galik letter Ta (isolated) Galik letter Da (isolated)
Manchu	Alphabet 1599 CE - Present	Manchu letter A (isolated) Manchu letter E (isolated)													Manchu letter O (isolated)				Manchu letter Sa (isolated)					Manchu letter Ya (isolated) Manchu letter Ja (isolated)				Manchu letter Ma (isolated)	Manchu letter Na (isolated)	Manchu letter Sa (isolated)				Manchu letter Ba (isolated)	Manchu letter Cha (isolated) Manchu letter Ja (isolated)				Manchu letter La (isolated) Manchu letter Ra (isolated)	Manchu letter Sa (isolated)
Xibe	Alphabet ??? - ???	Xibe letter A (isolated) Xibe letter E (isolated)													Xibe letter O (isolated)				Xibe letter Sa (isolated)					Xibe letter Ya (isolated) Xibe letter Ja (isolated)				Xibe letter Ma (isolated)	Xibe letter Na (isolated)	Xibe letter Sa (isolated)				Xibe letter Ba (isolated)					Xibe letter La (isolated) Xibe letter Ra (isolated)	Xibe letter Sa (isolated)
Clear	Alphabet 1648 CE - Present	Clear letter A (isolated)		Clear letter Wa (isolated)											Clear letter O (isolated)				Clear letter Sa (isolated)										Clear letter Na (isolated)	Clear letter Sa (isolated) Clear letter Sha (isolated)					Clear letter Cha (isolated)				Clear letter La (isolated)	Clear letter Sha (isolated)						Clear letter Ta (isolated) Clear letter Da (isolated)
Vagindra	Alphabet c.1905 CE - 1910 CE
Old Turkic	Alphabet 8 c. CE - 10 c. CE	Old Turkic letter A (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter A (Yenisei)		Old Turkic letter Ab (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Ab (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Aeb (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aeb (Yenisei)		Old Turkic letter Ec (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Ec (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Ic (Orkhon)		Old Turkic letter Aed (Orkhon)							Old Turkic letter Oe (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Oe (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter O (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter O (Yenisei)				Old Turkic letter Ez (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Ez (Yenisei)			Old Turkic letter At (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter At (Yenisei)		Old Turkic letter I (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter I (Yenisei)	Old Turkic letter Ay (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Ay (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Aey (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aey (Yenisei)	Old Turkic letter Aek (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aek (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Oek (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Oek (Yenisei)	Old Turkic letter Al (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Al (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Ael (Orkhon)	Old Turkic letter Em (Orkhon)	Old Turkic letter An (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aen (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aen (Yenisei)	Old Turkic letter Aes (Orkhon)		Old Turkic letter Ag (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Ag (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Aeg (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aeg (Yenisei)		Old Turkic letter Ep (Orkhon)				Old Turkic letter Aq (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aq (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Oq (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Oq (Yenisei)	Old Turkic letter Ar (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Ar (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Aer (Orkhon)	Old Turkic letter Esh (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Esh (Yenisei) Old Turkic letter Ash (Yenisei)						Old Turkic letter Aet (Orkhon) Old Turkic letter Aet (Yenisei)
Old Hungarian	Alphabet 12 c. CE - 17 c. CE, 20 c. CE - Present	Old Hungarian letter A (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter A (minuscule)		Old Hungarian letter Eb (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Eb (minuscule)		Old Hungarian letter Ezs (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ezs (minuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ec (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ec (minuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ed (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ed (minuscule)		Old Hungarian letter Ed (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ed (minuscule)							Old Hungarian letter Ű (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ű (minuscule)				Old Hungarian letter Er (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Er (minuscule)			Old Hungarian letter Ef (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ef (minuscule)		Old Hungarian letter Ej (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ej (minuscule)	Old Hungarian letter Eny (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Eny (minuscule)		Old Hungarian letter El (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter El (minuscule)	Old Hungarian letter Em (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Em (minuscule)	Old Hungarian letter En (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter En (minuscule)			Old Hungarian letter Eh (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Eh (minuscule)		Old Hungarian letter Ep (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ep (minuscule)				Old Hungarian letter Ak (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ak (minuscule)	Old Hungarian letter Ezs (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ezs (minuscule)							Old Hungarian letter Ez (majuscule) Old Hungarian letter Ez (minuscule)
Mandaic	Alphabet 2 c. CE - Present	Mandaic letter A × Mandaic letter A ࡀ a IPA: /a/		Mandaic letter Ba × Mandaic letter Ba ࡁ b IPA: /b/		Mandaic letter Ga × Mandaic letter Ga ࡂ‎ g IPA: /ɡ/		Mandaic letter Da × Mandaic letter Da ࡃ d IPA: /d/			Mandaic letter Ha × Mandaic letter Ha ࡄ h IPA: /h/				Mandaic letter Wa × Mandaic letter Wa ࡅ u IPA: /u, w/				Mandaic letter Za × Mandaic letter Za ࡆ z IPA: /z/	Mandaic letter Eh × Mandaic letter Eh ࡇ ẖ IPA: /χ/		Mandaic letter Ṭa × Mandaic letter Ṭa ࡈ ṭ IPA: /tˠ/		Mandaic letter Ya × Mandaic letter Ya ࡉ i IPA: /i, j/		Mandaic letter Ka × Mandaic letter Ka ࡊ k IPA: /k/	Mandaic letter La × Mandaic letter La ࡋ l IPA: /l/	Mandaic letter Ma × Mandaic letter Ma ࡌ m IPA: /m/	Mandaic letter Na × Mandaic letter Na ࡍ n IPA: /n/	Mandaic letter Sa × Mandaic letter Sa ࡎ s IPA: /s/		Mandaic letter E × Mandaic letter E ࡏ ʿ IPA: /e/		Mandaic letter Pa × Mandaic letter Pa ࡐ p IPA: /p/	Mandaic letter Ṣa × Mandaic letter Ṣa ࡑ ṣ IPA: /sˠ/			Mandaic letter Qa × Mandaic letter Qa ࡒ q IPA: /q/	Mandaic letter Ra × Mandaic letter Ra ࡓ r IPA: /r/	Mandaic letter Ša × Mandaic letter Ša ࡔ š IPA: /ʃ/						Mandaic letter Ta × Mandaic letter Ta ࡕ t IPA: /t/
Archaic Greek	Alphabet 8 c. BCE - 4 c. BCE	Archaic Greek letter Alpha × Archaic Greek letter Alpha a IPA: /a/, /aː/		Archaic Greek letter Beta × Archaic Greek letter Beta b IPA: /b/		Archaic Greek letter Gamma × Archaic Greek letter Gamma g IPA: /ɡ/		Archaic Greek letter Delta × Archaic Greek letter Delta d IPA: /d/			Archaic Greek letter Ei × Archaic Greek letter Ei e IPA: /e/, /eː/			Archaic Greek letter Digamma × Archaic Greek letter Digamma w IPA: /w/	Archaic Greek letter U × Archaic Greek letter U u IPA: /u/, /uː/				Archaic Greek letter Zeta × Archaic Greek letter Zeta z IPA: [zd](?)	Archaic Greek letter Eta (eastern variant) × Archaic Greek letter Eta (eastern variant) h IPA: /h/, /ɛː/	Archaic Greek letter Eta (southern/western variant) × Archaic Greek letter Eta (southern/western variant) h IPA: /h/, /ɛː/	Archaic Greek letter Theta × Archaic Greek letter Theta th IPA: /tʰ/		Archaic Greek letter Iota × Archaic Greek letter Iota i IPA: /i/, /iː/		Archaic Greek letter Kappa × Archaic Greek letter Kappa k IPA: /k/	Archaic Greek letter Lambda × Archaic Greek letter Lambda l IPA: /l/	Archaic Greek letter Mu × Archaic Greek letter Mu m IPA: /m/	Archaic Greek letter Nu × Archaic Greek letter Nu n IPA: /n/	Archaic Greek letter Xi (eastern variant) × Archaic Greek letter Xi (eastern variant) ks IPA: /ks/		Archaic Greek letter Ou × Archaic Greek letter Ou o IPA: /o/, /oː/		Archaic Greek letter Pi × Archaic Greek letter Pi p IPA: /p/	Archaic Greek letter San × Archaic Greek letter San s IPA: /s/			Archaic Greek letter Koppa × Archaic Greek letter Koppa k IPA: /k/	Archaic Greek letter Rho × Archaic Greek letter Rho r IPA: /r/	Archaic Greek letter Sigma × Archaic Greek letter Sigma s IPA: /s/						Archaic Greek letter Tau × Archaic Greek letter Tau t IPA: /t/		Archaic Greek letter Phi × Archaic Greek letter Phi ph IPA: /pʰ/	Archaic Greek letter Chi (western variant) × Archaic Greek letter Chi (western variant) kh IPA: /kʰ/ Archaic Greek letter Chi (eastern variant) × Archaic Greek letter Chi (eastern variant) kh IPA: /kʰ/	Archaic Greek letter Sampi × Archaic Greek letter Sampi ss or ts IPA: /ss/ or /ts/								Archaic Greek letter Psi × Archaic Greek letter Psi ps IPA: /ps/	Archaic Greek letter Ō × Archaic Greek letter Ō o IPA: /ɔː/
Lydian	Alphabet 7 c. BCE - 2 c. BCE	Lydian letter A		Lydian letter B		Lydian letter G		Lydian letter D			Lydian letter E			Lydian letter V	Lydian letter U									Lydian letter I		Lydian letter K	Lydian letter L	Lydian letter M	Lydian letter N			Lydian letter O			Lydian letter An				Lydian letter R	Lydian letter SS						Lydian letter T
Carian	Alphabet 7 c. BCE - 1 c. BCE	Carian letter A		Carian letter P				Carian letter D			Carian letter I			Carian letter Y	Carian letter U					Carian letter E							Carian letter L	Carian letter M	Carian letter N			Carian letter O		Carian letter B	Carian letter Sam			Carian letter Koppa	Carian letter R							Carian letter T												Carian letter K
Etruscan	Alphabet 650 BCE - 1 c. BCE	Old Italic letter A Archaic Etruscan letter A Neo-Etruscan letter A		Old Italic letter Be Archaic Etruscan letter Be		Old Italic letter Ke Archaic Etruscan letter Ke Neo-Etruscan letter Ke		Old Italic letter De Archaic Etruscan letter De			Old Italic letter E Archaic Etruscan letter E Neo-Etruscan letter E			Old Italic letter Ve Archaic Etruscan letter Ve Neo-Etruscan letter Ve	Old Italic letter U Archaic Etruscan letter U Neo-Etruscan letter U				Old Italic letter Ze Archaic Etruscan letter Ze Neo-Etruscan letter Ze		Old Italic letter He Archaic Etruscan letter He Neo-Etruscan letter He	Old Italic letter The Archaic Etruscan letter The Neo-Etruscan letter The		Old Italic letter I Archaic Etruscan letter I Neo-Etruscan letter I		Old Italic letter Ka Archaic Etruscan letter Ka	Old Italic letter El Archaic Etruscan letter El Neo-Etruscan letter El	Old Italic letter Em Archaic Etruscan letter Em Neo-Etruscan letter Em	Old Italic letter En Archaic Etruscan letter En Neo-Etruscan letter En	Old Italic letter s᫈ Archaic Etruscan letter s᫈		Old Italic letter O Archaic Etruscan letter O		Old Italic letter P Archaic Etruscan letter P Neo-Etruscan letter P	Old Italic letter She Archaic Etruscan letter She Neo-Etruscan letter She			Old Italic letter Ku Archaic Etruscan letter Ku	Old Italic letter Er Archaic Etruscan letter Er Neo-Etruscan letter Er	Old Italic letter Es Archaic Etruscan letter Es Neo-Etruscan letter Es						Old Italic letter Te Archaic Etruscan letter Te Neo-Etruscan letter Te		Old Italic letter Phe Archaic Etruscan letter Phe Neo-Etruscan letter Phe	Old Italic letter Eks Archaic Etruscan letter Eks									Old Italic letter Khe Archaic Etruscan letter Khe Neo-Etruscan letter Khe
Latin	Alphabet 7 c. BCE - Present	Latin letter A (majuscule) Latin letter A (minuscule)		Latin letter B (majuscule) Latin letter B (minuscule)		Latin letter C (majuscule) Latin letter C (minuscule)	Latin letter G (majuscule) Latin letter G (minuscule)	Latin letter D (majuscule) Latin letter D (minuscule)			Latin letter E (majuscule) Latin letter E (minuscule)			Latin letter F (majuscule) Latin letter F (minuscule)	Latin letter Y (majuscule) Latin letter Y (minuscule)	Latin letter V (majuscule) Latin letter V (minuscule)	Latin letter U (majuscule) Latin letter U (minuscule)	Latin letter W (majuscule) Latin letter W (minuscule)	Latin letter Z (majuscule) Latin letter Z (minuscule)	Latin letter H (majuscule) Latin letter H (minuscule)				Latin letter I (majuscule) Latin letter I (minuscule)	Latin letter J (majuscule) Latin letter J (minuscule)	Latin letter K (majuscule) Latin letter K (minuscule)	Latin letter L (majuscule) Latin letter L (minuscule)	Latin letter M (majuscule) Latin letter M (minuscule)	Latin letter N (majuscule) Latin letter N (minuscule)			Latin letter O (majuscule) Latin letter O (minuscule)		Latin letter P (majuscule) Latin letter P (minuscule)				Latin letter Q (majuscule) Latin letter Q (minuscule)	Latin letter R (majuscule) Latin letter R (minuscule)	Latin letter S (majuscule) Latin letter S (minuscule)						Latin letter T (majuscule) Latin letter T (minuscule)			Latin letter X (majuscule) Latin letter X (minuscule)
Elder Futhark	Alphabet 1 c. CE - 8 c. CE	Elder Futhark letter *ansuz		Elder Futhark letter *berkanan		Elder Futhark letter ?*kaunan	Elder Futhark letter *jēra-	Elder Futhark letter *dagaz			Elder Futhark letter *ehwaz			Elder Futhark letter *fehu			Elder Futhark letter ?*ūruz	Elder Futhark letter *wunjō	Elder Futhark letter ?*algiz	Elder Futhark letter *hagalaz		Elder Futhark letter ?*þurisaz		Elder Futhark letter *īsaz			Elder Futhark letter *laguz	Elder Futhark letter *mannaz	Elder Futhark letter *naudiz			Elder Futhark letter ōþila-/ōþala-		Elder Futhark letter ?*perþ-					Elder Futhark letter *raidō	Elder Futhark letter *sōwilō						Elder Futhark letter *tīwaz			Elder Futhark letter *gebō
Anglo-Saxon runes	Alphabet 5 c. CE - 11 c. CE	Anglo Saxon Runic letter Os/Ōs		Anglo Saxon Runic letter Berc/Beorc		Anglo Saxon Runic letter Cen/Cēn	Anglo Saxon Runic letter Gær/Gēar	Anglo Saxon Runic letter Dæg/Dæg			Anglo Saxon Runic letter Eh			Anglo Saxon Runic letter Feh/Feoh			Anglo Saxon Runic letter Ur/Ūr	Anglo Saxon Runic letter Wyn/Wynn		Anglo Saxon Runic letter Hægil/Hægl		Anglo Saxon Runic letter Ðorn/Þorn		Anglo Saxon Runic letter Is/Īs			Anglo Saxon Runic letter Lagu	Anglo Saxon Runic letter Mon/Mann	Anglo Saxon Runic letter Næd/Nēod			Anglo Saxon Runic letter Oedil/Ēðel		Anglo Saxon Runic letter Peord/Peorð					Anglo Saxon Runic letter Rada/Rād	Anglo Saxon Runic letter Sygil/Sigel						Anglo Saxon Runic letter Ti/Tīw			Anglo Saxon Runic letter Geofu/Gyfu
Marcomannic runes	Alphabet 8 c. CE - 9 c. CE	Marcomannic Runic letter Asch (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Asch (variant 2) Marcomannic Runic letter Asch (variant 3)		Marcomannic Runic letter Birith (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Birith (variant 2)		Marcomannic Runic letter Khen (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Khen (variant 2)	Marcomannic Runic letter Gibu (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Gibu (variant 2)				Marcomannic Runic letter Eho			Marcomannic Runic letter Fehc (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Fehc (variant 2)			Marcomannic Runic letter Hur (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Hur (variant 2) Marcomannic Runic letter Hur (variant 3)		Marcomannic Runic letter Ziu (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Ziu (variant 2)	Marcomannic Runic letter Hagale (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Hagale (variant 2) Marcomannic Runic letter Hagale (variant 3)		Marcomannic Runic letter Thorn (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Thorn (variant 2) Marcomannic Runic letter Thorn (variant 3)		Marcomannic Runic letter His			Marcomannic Runic letter Lagu	Marcomannic Runic letter Man	Marcomannic Runic letter Not (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Not (variant 2)			Marcomannic Runic letter Othil (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Othil (variant 2)		Marcomannic Runic letter Perch (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Perch (variant 2) Marcomannic Runic letter Perch (variant 3)					Marcomannic Runic letter Rehit (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Rehit (variant 2) Marcomannic Runic letter Rehit (variant 3)	Marcomannic Runic letter Suhil (variant 1) Marcomannic Runic letter Suhil (variant 2)						Marcomannic Runic letter Tac
Younger Futhark	Alphabet 8 c. CE - 12 c. CE	Younger Futhark letter As/Oss (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter As/Oss (short-twig)		Younger Futhark letter Björk/Bjarkan/Bjarken (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Björk/Bjarkan/Bjarken (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Björk/Bjarkan/Bjarken (staveless)		Younger Futhark letter Kaun (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Kaun (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Kaun (staveless)	Younger Futhark letter Ár (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Ár (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Ár (staveless)							Younger Futhark letter Fé (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Fé (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Fé (staveless)			Younger Futhark letter Úr (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Úr (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Úr (staveless)		Younger Futhark letter Yr (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Yr (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Yr (staveless)	Younger Futhark letter Hagall (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Hagall (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Hagall (staveless)		Younger Futhark letter Thurs (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Thurs (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Thurs (staveless)		Younger Futhark letter Ísa/Íss (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Ísa/Íss (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Ísa/Íss (staveless)			Younger Futhark letter Lögr (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Lögr (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Lögr (staveless)	Younger Futhark letter Maðr (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Maðr (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Maðr (staveless)	Younger Futhark letter Nauðr (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Nauðr (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Maðr (staveless)										Younger Futhark letter Reið (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Reið (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Reið (staveless)	Younger Futhark letter Sól (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Sól (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Sól (staveless)						Younger Futhark letter Týr (long-branch) Younger Futhark letter Týr (short-twig) Younger Futhark letter Týr (staveless)
Medieval runes	Alphabet 12 c. CE - 17 c. CE	Medieval Runic letter ?		Medieval Runic letter Bjarka		Medieval Runic letter Kaun								Medieval Runic letter Fe			Medieval Runic letter Yr		Medieval Runic letter Ur	Medieval Runic letter Hagal		Medieval Runic letter Þurs		Medieval Runic letter Is			Medieval Runic letter Logur	Medieval Runic letter Maðer	Medieval Runic letter Nauð			Medieval Runic letter Os							Medieval Runic letter Reið	Medieval Runic letter Sol						Medieval Runic letter Tyr
Dalecarlian runes	Alphabet 17 c. CE - 20 c. CE	Dalecarlian Runic letter Ar		Dalecarlian Runic letter Birkä		Dalecarlian Runic letter Knäsol		Dalecarlian Runic letter Dors						Dalecarlian Runic letter Fir			Dalecarlian Runic letter Ur			Dalecarlian Runic letter Hagal				Dalecarlian Runic letter Is			Dalecarlian Runic letter Lagh	Dalecarlian Runic letter Madhär	Dalecarlian Runic letter Nådh					Dalecarlian Runic letter Pir					Dalecarlian Runic letter Re	Dalecarlian Runic letter Sol						Dalecarlian Runic letter Tir
Gothic	Alphabet 350 CE - Decline in c. 6 CE	Gothic letter Aza		Gothic letter Bercna		Gothic letter Geuua	Gothic letter Gaar	Gothic letter Daaz			Gothic letter Eyz			Gothic letter Fe	Gothic letter Uuinne		Gothic letter Uraz		Gothic letter Ezec	Gothic letter Haal	Gothic letter Uuaer			Gothic letter Iiz		Gothic letter Chozma	Gothic letter Laaz	Gothic letter Manna	Gothic letter Noicz					Gothic letter Pertra				Gothic letter ?	Gothic letter Reda	Gothic letter Sugil					Gothic letter Quetra	Gothic letter Tyz		Gothic letter Thyth	Gothic letter Enguz	Gothic letter ?									Gothic letter Utal
Cherokee	Syllabary c. 1820 CE - Present	Cherokee letter Go (majuscule) Cherokee letter Go (minuscule)		Cherokee letter Yv (majuscule) Cherokee letter Yv (minuscule)		Cherokee letter Tli (majuscule) Cherokee letter Tli (minuscule)	Cherokee letter Nah (majuscule) Cherokee letter Nah (minuscule)	Cherokee letter A (majuscule) Cherokee letter A (minuscule)			Cherokee letter Gv (majuscule) Cherokee letter Gv (minuscule)				Cherokee letter Gi (majuscule) Cherokee letter Gi (minuscule)	Cherokee letter Do (majuscule) Cherokee letter Do (minuscule)		Cherokee letter La (majuscule) Cherokee letter La (minuscule)	Cherokee letter No (majuscule) Cherokee letter No (minuscule)	Cherokee letter Mi (majuscule) Cherokee letter Mi (minuscule)		Cherokee letter Na (majuscule) Cherokee letter Na (minuscule)			Cherokee letter Gu (majuscule) Cherokee letter Gu (minuscule)	Cherokee letter Tso (majuscule) Cherokee letter Tso (minuscule)	Cherokee letter Tle (majuscule) Cherokee letter Tle (minuscule)							Cherokee letter Pe (majuscule) Cherokee letter Pe (minuscule)					Cherokee letter Sv (majuscule) Cherokee letter Sv (minuscule)	Cherokee letter Du (majuscule) Cherokee letter Du (minuscule)
Vai	Syllabary c.1830 CE - Present			Vai letter Gba							Vai letter Tɔ																													Vai letter Po						Vai letter Gbe
Moon	Alphabet 1845 CE - Present	Moon letter A		Moon letter B		Moon letter C		Moon letter D			Moon letter E			Moon letter E		Moon letter V	Moon letter U		Moon letter Z					Moon letter I	Moon letter J	Moon letter K	Moon letter L		Moon letter N			Moon letter O
Deseret	Alphabet 1854 CE - 1869 CE
Woleai	Syllabary c.1910 CE - c. 1937 CE
Osage	Alphabet 2006 CE - Present	Osage letter A (majuscule) Osage letter A (Miniscule)															Osage letter U (majuscule) Osage letter U (Miniscule)		Osage letter Z (majuscule) Osage letter Z (Miniscule)							Osage letter K (majuscule) Osage letter K (Miniscule)	Osage letter L (majuscule) Osage letter L (Miniscule)	Osage letter M (majuscule) Osage letter M (Miniscule)	Osage letter N (majuscule) Osage letter N (Miniscule)			Osage letter O (majuscule) Osage letter O (Miniscule)		Osage letter P (majuscule) Osage letter P (Miniscule)						Osage letter S (majuscule) Osage letter S (Miniscule)
Faliscan	Alphabet 7 c. BCE - 2 c. BCE	Faliscan letter A (variant 1) Faliscan letter A (variant 2)				Faliscan letter Ke		Faliscan letter De			Faliscan letter E				Faliscan letter U				Faliscan letter Ze		Faliscan letter He (variant 1) Faliscan letter He (variant 2)	Faliscan letter The		Faliscan letter I		Faliscan letter Ka	Faliscan letter El	Faliscan letter Em (variant 1) Faliscan letter Em (variant 2)	Faliscan letter En (variant 1) Faliscan letter En (variant 2)			Faliscan letter O		Faliscan letter P				Faliscan letter Ku	Faliscan letter Er (variant 1) Faliscan letter Er (variant 2)	Faliscan letter Es (variant 1) Faliscan letter Es (variant 2) Faliscan letter Es (variant 3)						Faliscan letter Te			Faliscan letter Eks
Rhaetic	Alphabet 7 c. BCE - 1 c. BCE	Rhaetic letter A (variant 1) Rhaetic letter A (variant 2)				Rhaetic letter Ke								Rhaetic letter Ve	Rhaetic letter U				Rhaetic letter Ze		Rhaetic letter He			Rhaetic letter I		Rhaetic letter Ka	Rhaetic letter El	Rhaetic letter Em	Rhaetic letter En					Rhaetic letter P	Rhaetic letter She				Rhaetic letter Er	Rhaetic letter Es (variant 1) Rhaetic letter Es (variant 2)						Rhaetic letter Te (variant 1) Rhaetic letter Te (variant 2)		Rhaetic letter Phe	Rhaetic letter Eks
Lepontic	Alphabet 7 c. BCE - 5 c. BCE	Lepontic letter A									Lepontic letter E			Lepontic letter Ve	Lepontic letter U				Lepontic letter Ze			Lepontic letter The		Lepontic letter I		Lepontic letter Ka	Lepontic letter El	Lepontic letter Em	Lepontic letter En			Lepontic letter O		Lepontic letter P	Lepontic letter She				Lepontic letter Er	Lepontic letter Es						Lepontic letter Te			Lepontic letter Eks
Venetic	Alphabet 6 c. BCE - 1 c. BCE	Venetic letter A (variant 1) Venetic letter A (variant 2)				Venetic letter Ke					Venetic letter E			Venetic letter Ve	Venetic letter U				Venetic letter Ze (variant 1) Venetic letter Ze (variant 2)		Venetic letter He (variant 1) Venetic letter He (variant 2)	Venetic letter The		Venetic letter I		Venetic letter Ka	Venetic letter El	Venetic letter Em (variant 1) Venetic letter Em (variant 2)	Venetic letter En (variant 1) Venetic letter En (variant 2)			Venetic letter O		Venetic letter P	Venetic letter She				Venetic letter Er	Venetic letter Es (variant 1) Venetic letter Es (variant 2)						Venetic letter Te (variant 1) Venetic letter Te (variant 2)		Venetic letter Phe	Venetic letter Phe
Umbrian	Alphabet 6 c. BCE - 7 c. BCE	Umbrian letter A		Umbrian letter Be							Umbrian letter E			Umbrian letter Ve	Umbrian letter U				Umbrian letter Ze		Umbrian letter He	Umbrian letter The		Umbrian letter I		Umbrian letter Ka	Umbrian letter El	Umbrian letter Em	Umbrian letter En					Umbrian letter P	Umbrian letter She				Umbrian letter Er	Umbrian letter Es (variant 1) Umbrian letter Es (variant 2)						Umbrian letter Te
North Picene	Alphabet ?7 c. BCE - ???	North Picene letter A		North Picene letter Be		North Picene letter Ke (variant 1) North Picene letter Ke (variant 2)					North Picene letter E											North Picene letter The		North Picene letter I		North Picene letter Ka	North Picene letter El	North Picene letter Em	North Picene letter En			North Picene letter O		North Picene letter P	North Picene letter She (variant 1) North Picene letter She (variant 2)				North Picene letter Er							North Picene letter Te (variant 1) North Picene letter Te (variant 2)
South Picene	Alphabet 6 c. BCE - ???	South Picene letter A		South Picene letter Be		South Picene letter Ke		South Picene letter De			South Picene letter E			South Picene letter Ve	South Picene letter U						South Picene letter He			South Picene letter I		South Picene letter Ka	South Picene letter El	South Picene letter Em	South Picene letter En			South Picene letter O		South Picene letter P				South Picene letter Ku	South Picene letter Er	South Picene letter Es						South Picene letter Te
Camunian	Alphabet 5 c. BCE - 37 CE	Camunian letter A (variant 1) Camunian letter A (variant 2) Camunian letter A (variant 3)		Camunian letter B (variant 1) Camunian letter B (variant 2)		Camunian letter G					Camunian letter E (variant 1) Camunian letter E (variant 2) Camunian letter E (variant 3)			Camunian letter F	Camunian letter U (variant 1) Camunian letter U (variant 2)				Camunian letter Z (variant 1) Camunian letter Z (variant 2)		Camunian letter H (variant 1) Camunian letter H (variant 2)	Camunian letter Th (variant 1) Camunian letter Th (variant 2)		Camunian letter I (variant 1) Camunian letter I (variant 2)		Camunian letter K	Camunian letter L (variant 1) Camunian letter L (variant 2)	Camunian letter M (variant 1) Camunian letter M (variant 2)	Camunian letter N (variant 1) Camunian letter N (variant 2)			Camunian letter O		Camunian letter P (variant 1) Camunian letter P (variant 2)					Camunian letter R (variant 1) Camunian letter R (variant 2)	Camunian letter S (variant 1) Camunian letter S (variant 2) Camunian letter S (variant 3)						Camunian letter T (variant 1) Camunian letter T (variant 2) Camunian letter T (variant 3)				Camunian letter Sho (variant 1) Camunian letter Sho (variant 2)
Oscan	Alphabet 5 c. BCE - ???	Oscan letter A		Oscan letter Be		Oscan letter Ke		Oscan letter De			Oscan letter E			Oscan letter Ve	Oscan letter U				Oscan letter Ze		Oscan letter He			Oscan letter I		Oscan letter Ka	Oscan letter El	Oscan letter Em	Oscan letter En					Oscan letter P					Oscan letter Er	Oscan letter Es						Oscan letter Te
Messapic	Alphabet 6 c. BCE - ???	Messapic letter Alpha		Messapic letter Beta		Messapic letter Gamma		Messapic letter Delta			Messapic letter Epsilon			Messapic letter Digamma					Messapic letter Zeta	Messapic letter Eta	Messapic letter Heta	Messapic letter Ṭheta		Messapic letter Iota		Messapic letter Kappa	Messapic letter Lambda	Messapic letter Mu	Messapic letter Nu	Messapic letter Xi		Messapic letter Omicron		Messapic letter Pi				Messapic letter Koppa	Messapic letter Rho	Messapic letter Sigma						Messapic letter Tau			Messapic letter Chi
Lycian	Alphabet 5 c. BCE - 330 BCE	Lycian letter A		Lycian letter B		Lycian letter G		Lycian letter D			Lycian letter I			Lycian letter W					Lycian letter Z	Lycian letter H		Lycian letter Th		Lycian letter J		Lycian letter K	Lycian letter L	Lycian letter M	Lycian letter N			Lycian letter U		Lycian letter P					Lycian letter R	Lycian letter S						Lycian letter T
Greco-Iberian	Alphabet 5 c. BCE - 3 c. BCE	Greco-Iberian letter Alpha		Greco-Iberian letter Beta		Greco-Iberian letter Gamma		Greco-Iberian letter Delta							Greco-Iberian letter Upsilon					Greco-Iberian letter Eta				Greco-Iberian letter Iota		Greco-Iberian letter Kappa	Greco-Iberian letter Lambda		Greco-Iberian letter Nu			Greco-Iberian letter Omicron							Greco-Iberian letter Rho	Greco-Iberian letter Sigma						Greco-Iberian letter Tau				Greco-Iberian letter Sampi
Modern Greek	Alphabet 4 c. BCE - Present	Modern Greek letter Alpha (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Alpha (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Beta (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Beta (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Gamma (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Gamma (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Delta (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Delta (minuscule)			Modern Greek letter Epsilon (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Epsilon (minuscule)				Modern Greek letter Upsilon (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Upsilon (minuscule)				Modern Greek letter Zeta (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Zeta (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Eta (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Eta (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Theta (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Theta (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Iota (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Iota (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Kappa (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Kappa (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Lambda (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Lambda (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Mu (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Mu (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Nu (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Nu (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Xi (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Xi (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Pi (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Pi (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Koppa (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Koppa (minuscule)					Modern Greek letter Rho (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Rho (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Sigma (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Sigma (minuscule) Modern Greek letter Sigma (Final)						Modern Greek letter Tau (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Tau (minuscule)		Modern Greek letter Phi (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Phi (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Chi (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Chi (minuscule)									Modern Greek letter Psi (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Psi (minuscule)	Modern Greek letter Omega (majuscule) Modern Greek letter Omega (minuscule)
Bactrian	Alphabet ?3 c. BCE - 1 c. BCE	Bactrian letter Alpha (majuscule) Bactrian letter Alpha (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Beta (majuscule) Bactrian letter Beta (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Gamma (majuscule) Bactrian letter Gamma (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Delta (majuscule) Bactrian letter Delta (minuscule)			Bactrian letter Epsilon (majuscule) Bactrian letter Epsilon (minuscule)				Bactrian letter Upsilon (majuscule) Bactrian letter Upsilon (minuscule)				Bactrian letter Zeta (majuscule) Bactrian letter Zeta (minuscule)	Bactrian letter Eta (majuscule) Bactrian letter Eta (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Ṭheta (majuscule) Bactrian letter Ṭheta (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Iota (majuscule) Bactrian letter Iota (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Kappa (majuscule) Bactrian letter Kappa (minuscule)	Bactrian letter Lambda (majuscule) Bactrian letter Lambda (minuscule)	Bactrian letter Mu (majuscule) Bactrian letter Mu (minuscule)	Bactrian letter Nu (majuscule) Bactrian letter Nu (minuscule)			Bactrian letter Omicron (majuscule) Bactrian letter Omicron (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Pi (majuscule) Bactrian letter Pi (minuscule)	Bactrian letter Sho (majuscule) Bactrian letter Sho (minuscule)				Bactrian letter Rho (majuscule) Bactrian letter Rho (minuscule)	Bactrian letter Sigma (majuscule) Bactrian letter Sigma (minuscule)						Bactrian letter Tau (majuscule) Bactrian letter Tau (minuscule)		Bactrian letter Phi (majuscule) Bactrian letter Phi (minuscule)	Bactrian letter Chi (majuscule) Bactrian letter Chi (minuscule)										Bactrian letter Omega (majuscule) Bactrian letter Omega (minuscule)
Coptic	Alphabet 2 c. BCE - Present	Coptic letter Alpha (majuscule) × Coptic letter Alpha (majuscule) Ⲁ Ⲁⲗⲫⲁ a Sahidic pronunciation: /a/ Bohairic pronunciation: /a/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /æ/, /ɑ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ä/ Coptic letter Alpha (minuscule) × Coptic letter Alpha (minuscule) ⲁ Ⲁⲗⲫⲁ a Sahidic pronunciation: /a/ Bohairic pronunciation: /a/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /æ/, /ɑ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ä/		Coptic letter Beta (majuscule) × Coptic letter Beta (majuscule) Ⲃ Ⲃⲏⲧⲁ b/v Sahidic pronunciation: /β/ Bohairic pronunciation: /β/ (final [b]) Late Coptic pronunciation: /w/ (final [b]) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /b/, (/v/ before a vowel [except in a name]) Coptic letter Beta (minuscule) × Coptic letter Beta (minuscule) ⲃ Ⲃⲏⲧⲁ b/v Sahidic pronunciation: /β/ Bohairic pronunciation: /β/ (final [b]) Late Coptic pronunciation: /w/ (final [b]) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /b/, (/v/ before a vowel [except in a name])		Coptic letter Gamma (majuscule) × Coptic letter Gamma (majuscule) Ⲅ Ⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ gh/ng Sahidic pronunciation: /k/ (marked Greek words) Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /g/, ( /ɣ/ before Alpha, O or Oou Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ɣ/, /g/ (before /e̞/ or /i/), /ŋ/ (before /g/ or /k/) Coptic letter Gamma (minuscule) × Coptic letter Gamma (minuscule) ⲅ Ⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ gh/ng Sahidic pronunciation: /k/ (marked Greek words) Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /g/, ( /ɣ/ before Alpha, O or Oou Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ɣ/, /g/ (before /e̞/ or /i/), /ŋ/ (before /g/ or /k/)		Coptic letter Delta (majuscule) × Coptic letter Delta (majuscule) Ⲇ Ⲇⲉⲗⲧⲁ d Sahidic pronunciation: /t/ (marked Greek words) Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /d/ (marked Greek words) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ð/, (/d/ in a name) Coptic letter Delta (minuscule) × Coptic letter Delta (minuscule) ⲇ Ⲇⲉⲗⲧⲁ d Sahidic pronunciation: /t/ (marked Greek words) Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /d/ (marked Greek words) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ð/, (/d/ in a name)			Coptic letter Eey (majuscule) × Coptic letter Eey (majuscule) Ⲉ Ⲉⲓ ə Sahidic pronunciation: /ɛ/, /ə/ (ⲉⲓ = /iː/, /j/) Bohairic pronunciation: /ɛ/, /ə/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Late Coptic pronunciation:/æ/, /ɑ/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /e̞/ Coptic letter Eey (minuscule) × Coptic letter Eey (minuscule) ⲉ Ⲉⲓ ə Sahidic pronunciation: /ɛ/, /ə/ (ⲉⲓ = /iː/, /j/) Bohairic pronunciation: /ɛ/, /ə/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Late Coptic pronunciation:/æ/, /ɑ/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /e̞/				Coptic letter Upsilon (majuscule) × Coptic letter Epsilon (majuscule) Ⲩ Ⲉⲡⲥⲓⲗⲟⲛ u Sahidic pronunciation: /w/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Bohairic pronunciation: /w/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɪ/, /w/ (ⲟⲩ = /u/, /w/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /i/, /w/ (between "ⲟ" and another vowel except "ⲱ"), /v/ (after /ɑ/ (ⲁ or /e̞/ (ⲉ)), /u/ (digraph "ⲟⲩ") Coptic letter Upsilon (minuscule) × Coptic letter Epsilon (minuscule) Ⲉⲡⲥⲓⲗⲟⲛ u Sahidic pronunciation: /w/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Bohairic pronunciation: /w/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɪ/, /w/ (ⲟⲩ = /u/, /w/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /i/, /w/ (between "ⲟ" and another vowel except "ⲱ"), /v/ (after /ɑ/ (ⲁ or /e̞/ (ⲉ)), /u/ (digraph "ⲟⲩ")				Coptic letter Zeta (majuscule) × Coptic letter Zeta (majuscule) Ⲍ Ⲍⲏⲧⲁ z Sahidic pronunciation: /s/ (marked Greek words) Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /z/ (marked Greek words) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /z/ Coptic letter Zeta (minuscule) × Coptic letter Zeta (minuscule) ⲍ Ⲍⲏⲧⲁ z Sahidic pronunciation: /s/ (marked Greek words) Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /z/ (marked Greek words) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /z/	Coptic letter Eta (majuscule) × Coptic letter Eta (majuscule) Ⲏ Ⲏⲧⲁ ee Sahidic pronunciation: /eː/ Bohairic pronunciation: /e/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /æ/, /ɑ/, /ɪ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /iː/ Coptic letter Eta (minuscule) × Coptic letter Eta (minuscule) ⲏ Ⲏⲧⲁ ee Sahidic pronunciation: /eː/ Bohairic pronunciation: /e/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /æ/, /ɑ/, /ɪ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /iː/		Coptic letter Theta (majuscule) × Coptic letter Theta (majuscule) Ⲑ Ⲑⲏⲧⲁ th/t Sahidic pronunciation: /th/ Bohairic pronunciation: /tʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /t/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /θ/ Coptic letter Theta (minuscule) × Coptic letter Theta (minuscule) ⲑ Ⲑⲏⲧⲁ th/t Sahidic pronunciation: /th/ Bohairic pronunciation: /tʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /t/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /θ/		Coptic letter Iota (majuscule) × Coptic letter Iota (majuscule) Ⲓ Ⲓⲟⲧⲁ i/j/y Sahidic pronunciation: /iː/, /j/ Bohairic pronunciation: /i/, /j/, /ə/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɪ/, /j/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /i/, /j/ (before vowels), /ɪ/ (after vowels to form diphthongs) Coptic letter Iota (minuscule) × Coptic letter Iota (minuscule) ⲓ Ⲓⲟⲧⲁ i/j/y Sahidic pronunciation: /iː/, /j/ Bohairic pronunciation: /i/, /j/, /ə/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɪ/, /j/ (ⲓⲉ = /e/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /i/, /j/ (before vowels), /ɪ/ (after vowels to form diphthongs)		Coptic letter Kappa (majuscule) × Coptic letter Kappa (majuscule) Ⲕ Ⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁ k Sahidic pronunciation: /k/ Bohairic pronunciation: /kʼ/, /k/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /k/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /k/ Coptic letter Kappa (minuscule) × Coptic letter Kappa (minuscule) ⲕ Ⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁ k Sahidic pronunciation: /k/ Bohairic pronunciation: /kʼ/, /k/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /k/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /k/	Coptic letter Lola (majuscule) × Coptic letter Lola (majuscule) Ⲗ Ⲗⲟⲗⲁ l Sahidic pronunciation: /l/ Bohairic pronunciation: /l/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /l/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /l/ Coptic letter Lola (minuscule) × Coptic letter Lola (minuscule) ⲗ Ⲗⲟⲗⲁ l Sahidic pronunciation: /l/ Bohairic pronunciation: /l/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /l/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /l/	Coptic letter Mey (majuscule) × Coptic letter Mey (majuscule) Ⲙ Ⲙⲉⲓ m Sahidic pronunciation: /m/ Bohairic pronunciation: /m/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /m/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /m/ Coptic letter Mey (minuscule) × Coptic letter Mey (minuscule) ⲙ Ⲙⲉⲓ m Sahidic pronunciation: /m/ Bohairic pronunciation: /m/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /m/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /m/ Old Coptic Dialect-P/Proto-Theban letter Ni (majuscule) × Old Coptic Dialect-P/Proto-Theban letter Ni (majuscule) Ⲻ Old Coptic Dialect-P/Proto-Theban letter Ni (minuscule) × Old Coptic Dialect-P/Proto-Theban letter Ni (minuscule) ⲻ	Coptic letter Ney (majuscule) × Coptic letter Ney (majuscule) Ⲛ Ⲛⲉⲓ n Sahidic pronunciation: /n/ Bohairic pronunciation: /n/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /n/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /n/ Coptic letter Ney (minuscule) × Coptic letter Ney (minuscule) ⲛ Ⲛⲉⲓ n Sahidic pronunciation: /n/ Bohairic pronunciation: /n/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /n/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /n/	Coptic letter Exi (majuscule) × Coptic letter Exi (majuscule) Ⲝ Ⲉⲝⲓ x Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /ks/ (only in Greek loanwords) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ks/, [e̞ks] (usually following a consonant, or sometimes when starting a word) Coptic letter Exi (minuscule) × Coptic letter Exi (minuscule) ⲝ Ⲉⲝⲓ x Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: /ks/ (only in Greek loanwords) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ks/, [e̞ks] (usually following a consonant, or sometimes when starting a word)		Coptic letter O (majuscule) × Coptic letter O (majuscule) Ⲟ ⲟ o Sahidic pronunciation: /ɔ/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Bohairic pronunciation: /ɔ/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Late Coptic pronunciation: /o/ (ⲟⲩ = /u/, /w/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /o̞/ (ⲟⲩ = /u/) Coptic letter O (minuscule) × Coptic letter (minuscule) ⲟ ⲟ o Sahidic pronunciation: /ɔ/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Bohairic pronunciation: /ɔ/ (ⲟⲩ = /uː/, /w/) Late Coptic pronunciation: /o/ (ⲟⲩ = /u/, /w/) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /o̞/ (ⲟⲩ = /u/)	Old Coptic letter Hat (majuscule) × Old Coptic letter Hat (majuscule) Ⳕ Old Coptic letter Hat (minuscule) × Old Coptic letter Hat (minuscule) ⳕ	Coptic letter Pi (majuscule) × Coptic letter Pi (majuscule) Ⲡ Ⲡⲓ a Sahidic pronunciation: /p/ Bohairic pronunciation: /p/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /b/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /p/ Coptic letter Pi (minuscule) × Coptic letter Pi (minuscule) ⲡ Ⲡⲓ a Sahidic pronunciation: /p/ Bohairic pronunciation: /p/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /b/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /p/					Coptic letter Roo (majuscule) × Coptic letter Roo (majuscule) Ⲣ Ⲣⲟ r Sahidic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/ Bohairic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/ Coptic letter Roo (minuscule) × Coptic letter Roo (minuscule) ⲣ Ⲣⲟ r Sahidic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/ Bohairic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ɾ/~/r/	Coptic letter Seema (majuscule) × Coptic letter Seema (majuscule) Ⲥ Ⲥⲓⲙⲁ s/c Sahidic pronunciation: /s/ Bohairic pronunciation: /s/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /s/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /s/ Coptic letter Seema (minuscule) × Coptic letter Seema (minuscule) ⲥ Ⲥⲓⲙⲁ s/c Sahidic pronunciation: /s/ Bohairic pronunciation: /s/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /s/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /s/					Coptic letter Soou (majuscule) × Coptic letter Soou (majuscule) Ⲋ Ⲥⲟⲟⲩ Sahidic pronunciation: /dz/ Bohairic pronunciation: /dz/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /dz/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /dz/ Coptic letter Soou (minuscule) × Coptic letter Soou (minuscule) ⲋ Ⲥⲟⲟⲩ Sahidic pronunciation: /dz/ Bohairic pronunciation: /dz/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /dz/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /dz/	Coptic letter Tau (majuscule) × Coptic letter Tau (majuscule) Ⲧ Ⲧⲁⲩ t/d Sahidic pronunciation: /t/ Bohairic pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /d/ (final [t]) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /t/ Coptic letter Tau (minuscule) × Coptic letter Tau (minuscule) ⲧ Ⲧⲁⲩ t/d Sahidic pronunciation: /t/ Bohairic pronunciation: /tʼ/, /t/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /d/ (final [t]) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /t/		Coptic letter Phi (majuscule) × Coptic letter Phi (majuscule) Ⲫ Ⲫⲓ f Sahidic pronunciation: /ph/ Bohairic pronunciation: /pʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /b/~/f/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /f/ Coptic letter Phi (minuscule) × Coptic letter Phi (minuscule) ⲫ Ⲫⲓ f Sahidic pronunciation: /ph/ Bohairic pronunciation: /pʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /b/~/f/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /f/	Coptic letter Chi (majuscule) × Coptic letter Chi (majuscule) Ⲭ Ⲭⲓ k/sh/kh Sahidic pronunciation: /kh/ Bohairic pronunciation: /kʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /k/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /k/ (if the word is Coptic in origin), /x/ (if the word is Greek in origin), /ç/ (if the word is Greek in origin but before /e̞/ or /i/) Coptic letter Chi (minuscule) × Coptic letter Chi (minuscule) ⲭ Ⲭⲓ k/sh/kh Sahidic pronunciation: /kh/ Bohairic pronunciation: /kʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /k/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /k/ (if the word is Coptic in origin), /x/ (if the word is Greek in origin), /ç/ (if the word is Greek in origin but before /e̞/ or /i/)	Coptic letter Sampi (majuscule) × Coptic letter Sampi (majuscule) Ⳁ Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: — Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: — Coptic letter Sampi (minuscule) × Coptic letter Sampi (minuscule) ⳁ Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: — Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: —	Coptic letter Shai (majuscule) × Coptic letter Shai (majuscule) Ϣ Ϣⲁⲓ sh Sahidic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Bohairic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Coptic letter Shai (minuscule) × Coptic letter Shai (minuscule) ϣ Ϣⲁⲓ sh Sahidic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Bohairic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Old Coptic letter Shei (majuscule) × Old Coptic letter Shei (majuscule) Ⳅ Old Coptic letter Shei (minuscule) × Old Coptic letter Shei (minuscule) ⳅ	Coptic letter Fai (majuscule) × Coptic letter Fai (majuscule) Ϥ Ϥⲁⲓ f Sahidic pronunciation: /f/ Bohairic pronunciation: /f/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /f/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /f/ Coptic letter Fai (minuscule) × Coptic letter Fai (minuscule) ϥ Ϥⲁⲓ f Sahidic pronunciation: /f/ Bohairic pronunciation: /f/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /f/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /f/	Coptic letter Khai (majuscule) × Coptic letter Khai (majuscule) Ϧ Ϧⲁⲓ kh/q Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: /x/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /x/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /x/ Coptic letter Khai (minuscule) × Coptic letter Khai (minuscule) ϧ Ϧⲁⲓ kh/q Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: /x/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /x/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /x/	Coptic letter Hori (majuscule) × Coptic letter Hori (majuscule) Ϩ Ϩⲟⲣⲓ h Sahidic pronunciation: /h/ Bohairic pronunciation: /h/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /h/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /h/ Coptic letter Hori (minuscule) × Coptic letter Hori (minuscule) ϩ Ϩⲟⲣⲓ h Sahidic pronunciation: /h/ Bohairic pronunciation: /h/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /h/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /h/ Old Coptic letter Hori (majuscule) × Old Coptic letter Hori (majuscule) Ⳍ Old Coptic letter Hori (minuscule) × Old Coptic letter Hori (minuscule) ⳍ	Coptic letter Janja (majuscule) × Coptic letter Janja (majuscule) Ϫ Ϫⲁⲛϫⲁ g/j Sahidic pronunciation: /t͡ʃ/ Bohairic pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /t͡ʃ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɟ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /g/, /dʒ/ (before /e̞/ or /i/) Coptic letter Janja (minuscule) × Coptic letter Janja (minuscule) ϫ Ϫⲁⲛϫⲁ g/j Sahidic pronunciation: /t͡ʃ/ Bohairic pronunciation: /t͡ʃʼ/, /t͡ʃ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ɟ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /g/, /dʒ/ (before /e̞/ or /i/) Old Coptic letter Gangia (majuscule) × Old Coptic letter Gangia (majuscule) Ⳗ Old Coptic letter Gangia (minuscule) × Old Coptic letter Gangia (minuscule) ⳗ	Coptic letter Cheema (majuscule) × Coptic letter Cheema (majuscule) Ϭ Ϭⲓⲙⲁ c/ch Sahidic pronunciation: /kʲ/ Bohairic pronunciation: /t͡ʃʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /tʃ/, [e̞tʃ] (usually following a consonant) Coptic letter Cheema (minuscule) × Coptic letter Cheema (minuscule) ϭ Ϭⲓⲙⲁ c/ch Sahidic pronunciation: /kʲ/ Bohairic pronunciation: /t͡ʃʰ/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /ʃ/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /tʃ/, [e̞tʃ] (usually following a consonant)	Coptic letter Ti (majuscule) × Coptic letter Ti (majuscule) Ϯ Ⲧⲓ ti Sahidic pronunciation: /tiː/ Bohairic pronunciation: /tʼi/, /ti/, /tə/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /di/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ti/ Coptic letter Ti (minuscule) × Coptic letter Ti (minuscule) ϯ Ⲧⲓ ti Sahidic pronunciation: /tiː/ Bohairic pronunciation: /tʼi/, /ti/, /tə/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /di/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /ti/	Coptic letter Epsi (majuscule) × Coptic letter Epsi (majuscule) Ⲯ Ⲉⲯⲓ ps Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: [bs] (only in Greek loanwords) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: [ps], [e̞ps] (usually following a consonant) Coptic letter Epsi (minuscule) × Coptic letter Epsi (minuscule) ⲯ Ⲉⲯⲓ ps Sahidic pronunciation: — Bohairic pronunciation: — Late Coptic pronunciation: [bs] (only in Greek loanwords) Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: [ps], [e̞ps] (usually following a consonant)	Coptic letter Oou (majuscule) × Coptic letter Oou (majuscule) Ⲱ Ⲱⲩ o/w Sahidic pronunciation: /oː/ Bohairic pronunciation: /o/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /oː/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /oː/ Coptic letter Oou (minuscule) × Coptic letter Oou (minuscule) ⲱ Ⲱⲩ o/w Sahidic pronunciation: /oː/ Bohairic pronunciation: /o/ Late Coptic pronunciation: /oː/ Greco-Bohairic pronunciation: /oː/
Old Nubian	Alphabet ??? - ???	Old Nubian letter Alpha		Old Nubian letter Bēta		Old Nubian letter Gamma		Old Nubian letter Delta			Old Nubian letter Ei				Old Nubian letter Epsilon				Old Nubian letter Zēta	Old Nubian letter Ēta		Old Nubian letter Thēta		Old Nubian letter Yota		Old Nubian letter Kappa	Old Nubian letter Lambda	Old Nubian letter Me	Old Nubian letter Ne	Old Nubian letter Exi		Old Nubian letter O		Old Nubian letter Pi					Old Nubian letter Ro	Old Nubian letter Sima						Old Nubian letter Taw		Old Nubian letter Phi	Old Nubian letter Chi		Old Nubian letter Šay			Old Nubian letter Hōri		Old Nubian letter Cēma		Old Nubian letter Epsi	Old Nubian letter Ōu
Armenian	Alphabet 405 CE - Present	Armenian letter Ayb (majuscule) Armenian letter Ayb (minuscule)		Armenian letter Ben (majuscule) Armenian letter Ben (minuscule)		Armenian letter Gim (majuscule) Armenian letter Gim (minuscule)		Armenian letter Da (majuscule) Armenian letter Da (minuscule)			Armenian letter Yech’ (majuscule) Armenian letter Yech’ (minuscule)				Armenian letter Hiwn (majuscule) Armenian letter Hiwn (minuscule)				Armenian letter Za (majuscule) Armenian letter Za (minuscule)	Armenian letter Hò/Ho (majuscule) Armenian letter Hò/Ho (minuscule)		Armenian letter T'ò/T’o (majuscule) Armenian letter T'ò/T’o (minuscule)		Armenian letter Ini (majuscule) Armenian letter Ini (minuscule)		Armenian letter Ken(majuscule) Armenian letter Ken (minuscule)	Armenian letter Ghat (majuscule) Armenian letter Ghat (minuscule)	Armenian letter Men (majuscule) Armenian letter Men (minuscule)	Armenian letter Now (majuscule) Armenian letter Now (minuscule)	Armenian letter Sha (majuscule) Armenian letter Sha (minuscule)		Armenian letter Vo (majuscule) Armenian letter Vo (minuscule)		Armenian letter Pē/Pe (majuscule) Armenian letter Pē/Pe (minuscule)					Armenian letter Ṙa (majuscule) Armenian letter Ṙa (minuscule)	Armenian letter Sē/Se (majuscule) Armenian letter Sē/Se (minuscule)						Armenian letter Tiwn/Tyown (majuscule) Armenian letter Tiwn/Tyown (minuscule)		Armenian letter P'iwr/P'yowr (majuscule) Armenian letter P'iwr/P'yowr (minuscule)	Armenian letter K’ē/K’e (majuscule) Armenian letter K’ē/K’e (minuscule)
Caucasian Albanian	Alphabet 2 c. BCE - 8 c. CE			Caucasian Albanian letter Bet		Caucasian Albanian letter Gim		Caucasian Albanian letter Dat			Caucasian Albanian letter Eb								Caucasian Albanian letter Alt	Caucasian Albanian letter Eyn		Caucasian Albanian letter Tas		Caucasian Albanian letter Irb			Caucasian Albanian letter Lan																					Caucasian Albanian letter Piwr	Caucasian Albanian letter Kiw
Asomtavruli	Alphabet 430 CE - 19 c. CE	Asomtavruli letter Ani		Asomtavruli letter Bani		Asomtavruli letter Gani		Asomtavruli letter Doni			Asomtavruli letter Eni			Asomtavruli letter Vini					Asomtavruli letter Zeni	Asomtavruli letter He		Asomtavruli letter Tani		Asomtavruli letter Ini		Asomtavruli letter K'ani	Asomtavruli letter Lasi	Asomtavruli letter Mani	Asomtavruli letter Nari	Asomtavruli letter Hie		Asomtavruli letter Oni		Asomtavruli letter P'ari	Asomtavruli letter Zhani				Asomtavruli letter Rae	Asomtavruli letter Sani						Asomtavruli letter T'ari		Asomtavruli letter Pari	Asomtavruli letter Kani									Asomtavruli letter Dzili	Asomtavruli letter Hoe
Nuskhuri	Alphabet 9 c. CE - 19 c. CE	Nuskhuri letter Ani		Nuskhuri letter Bani		Nuskhuri letter Gani		Nuskhuri letter Doni			Nuskhuri letter Eni			Nuskhuri letter Vini					Nuskhuri letter Zeni	Nuskhuri letter He		Nuskhuri letter Tani		Nuskhuri letter Ini		Nuskhuri letter K'ani	Nuskhuri letter Lasi	Nuskhuri letter Mani	Nuskhuri letter Nari	Nuskhuri letter Hie		Nuskhuri letter Oni		Nuskhuri letter P'ari	Nuskhuri letter Zhani				Nuskhuri letter Rae	Nuskhuri letter Sani						Nuskhuri letter T'ari		Nuskhuri letter Pari	Nuskhuri letter Kani									Nuskhuri letter Dzili	Nuskhuri letter Hoe
Mkhedruli	Alphabet 10 c. CE - Present	Mtavruli letter Ani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter Bani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Bani (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter Gani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Gani (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter Doni (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Doni (minuscule)			Mtavruli letter Eni (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Eni (minuscule)			Mtavruli letter Vini (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Vini (minuscule)					Mtavruli letter Zeni (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Zeni (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter He (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter He (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter Tani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Tani (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter Ini (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Ini (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter K'ani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter K'ani (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Lasi (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Lasi (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Mani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Mani (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Nari (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Nari (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Hie (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Hie (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter Oni (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Oni (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter P'ari (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter P'ari (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Zhani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Zhani (minuscule)				Mtavruli letter Rae (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Rae (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Sani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Sani (minuscule)						Mtavruli letter T'ari (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter T'ari (minuscule)		Mtavruli letter Pari (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Pari (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Kani (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Kani (minuscule)									Mtavruli letter Dzili (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Dzili (minuscule)	Mtavruli letter Hoe (majuscule) Mkhedruli letter Hoe (minuscule)
Glagolitic	Alphabet 862/3 CE - 19 c. CE	Glagolitic letter Azъ/Az (round) Glagolitic letter Azъ/Az (angular)	Glagolitic letter Jatь/Yat/Ya (round) Glagolitic letter Jatь/Yat/Ya (angular)			Glagolitic letter Glagoli (round) Glagolitic letter Glagoli (angular)		Glagolitic letter Dobro (round) Glagolitic letter Dobro (angular)			Glagolitic letter Ensь/Small yus (round)					Glagolitic letter Vědě/Vedi (round) Glagolitic letter Vědě/Vedi (angular)				Glagolitic letter Xěrъ/Kher (round) Glagolitic letter Xěrъ/Kher (angular)		Glagolitic letter Thita/Fita (round)	Glagolitic letter Zemlja/Zeml(j)a (round) Glagolitic letter Zemlja/Zeml(j)a (angular)	Glagolitic letter I/Ižei/Izhey (round) Glagolitic letter I/Ižei/Izhey (angular)			Glagolitic letter Ljudie/Lyudi (round) Glagolitic letter Ljudie/Lyudi (angular)	Glagolitic letter Myslite/Mislete (round) Glagolitic letter Myslite/Mislete (angular)						Glagolitic letter Pokoj/Pokoy (round) Glagolitic letter Pokoj/Pokoy (angular)	Glagolitic letter Ci/Tsi (round) Glagolitic letter Ci/Tsi (angular)	Glagolitic letter Črьvъ/Cherv (round) Glagolitic letter Črьvъ/Cherv (angular)		Glagolitic letter Kako (round) Glagolitic letter Kako (angular)	Glagolitic letter Rьci/Rtsi (round) Glagolitic letter Rьci/Rtsi (angular)	Glagolitic letter Ša/Sha (round) Glagolitic letter Ša/Sha (angular)		Glagolitic letter Šta/Šča/Shta/Shcha (round) Glagolitic letter Šta/Šča/Shta/Shcha (angular)				Glagolitic letter Tvrьdo/Tverdo (round) Glagolitic letter Tvrьdo/Tverdo (angular)		Glagolitic letter Frьtъ/Fert (round) Glagolitic letter Frьtъ/Fert (angular)		Glagolitic letter Jestъ/Yest (round) Glagolitic letter Jestъ/Yest (angular)
Cyrillic	Alphabet 893 CE - Present	Cyrillic letter A (majuscule) Cyrillic letter A (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Ya (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ya (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Ve (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ve (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Be (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Be (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Ge (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ge (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Ghe upturn (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ghe upturn (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter De (majuscule) Cyrillic letter De (minuscule)			Cyrillic letter Ye (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ye (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Ye (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ye (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter E (majuscule) Cyrillic letter E (minuscule)		Cyrillic letter U (majuscule) Cyrillic letter U (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Izhitsa (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Izhitsa (minuscule)			Cyrillic letter Ze (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ze (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter I (majuscule) Cyrillic letter I (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter short I (majuscule) Cyrillic letter short I (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Fita (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Fita (minuscule)		Cyrillic letter dotted I (majuscule) Cyrillic letter dotted I (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Je (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Je (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Ka (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ka (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter El (majuscule) Cyrillic letter El (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Em (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Em (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter En (majuscule) Cyrillic letter En (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Ksi (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ksi (minuscule)		Cyrillic letter O (majuscule) Cyrillic letter O (minuscule)		Cyrillic letter Pe (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Pe (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Tse (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Tse (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Dzhe (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Dzhe (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Che (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Che (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Koppa (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Koppa (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Er (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Er (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Sha (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Sha (minuscule)		Cyrillic letter Shcha (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Shcha (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Es (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Es (minuscule)			Cyrillic letter Te (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Te (minuscule)		Cyrillic letter Ef (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Ef (minuscule)	Cyrillic letter Kha (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Kha (minuscule)										Cyrillic letter Omega (majuscule) Cyrillic letter Omega (minuscule)
Bosančica	Alphabet 10 c. CE - 18 c. CE	Bosančica letter A			Bosančica letter Be	Bosančica letter Ge		Bosančica letter De			Bosančica letter Ye				Bosančica letter U				Bosančica letter Ze	Bosančica letter I				Bosančica letter dotted I		Bosančica letter Ka	Bosančica letter El	Bosančica letter Em	Bosančica letter En			Bosančica letter O		Bosančica letter Pe	Bosančica letter Tse		Bosančica letter Che		Bosančica letter Er	Bosančica letter Sha			Bosančica letter Es			Bosančica letter Te		Bosančica letter Ef	Bosančica letter Kha										Bosančica letter Omega
Old Permic	Alphabet 1372 CE - 17 c. CE	Old Permic letter An		Old Permic letter Bur		Old Permic letter Gai		Old Permic letter Doi			Old Permic letter E					Old Permic letter U			Old Permic letter Zhoi					Old Permic letter Yodh		Old Permic letter Koke	Old Permic letter Lei	Old Permic letter Menoe	Old Permic letter Nenoe					Old Permic letter Peei			Old Permic letter Chery		Old Permic letter Rei	Old Permic letter Shooi		Old Permic letter Shchooi	Old Permic letter Sii			Old Permic letter Tai
Molodtsov	Alphabet ??? - ???	Molodtsov letter A (majuscule) Molodtsov letter A (minuscule)		Molodtsov letter Ve (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Ve (minuscule)	Molodtsov letter Be (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Be (minuscule)	Molodtsov letter Ge (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Ge (minuscule)		Molodtsov letter De (majuscule) Molodtsov letter De (minuscule)			Molodtsov letter Ye (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Ye (minuscule)				Molodtsov letter U (majuscule) Molodtsov letter U (minuscule)				Molodtsov letter Ze (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Ze (minuscule)					Molodtsov letter dotted I (majuscule) Molodtsov letter dotted I (minuscule)	Molodtsov letter Je (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Je (minuscule)	Molodtsov letter Ka (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Ka (minuscule)	Molodtsov letter El (majuscule) Molodtsov letter El (minuscule)		Molodtsov letter En (majuscule) Molodtsov letter En (minuscule)			Molodtsov letter O (majuscule) Molodtsov letter O (minuscule)		Molodtsov letter Pe (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Pe (minuscule)			Molodtsov letter Che (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Che (minuscule)		Molodtsov letter Er (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Er (minuscule)	Molodtsov letter Sha (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Sha (minuscule)		Molodtsov letter Shcha (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Shcha (minuscule)	Molodtsov letter Es (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Es (minuscule)			Molodtsov letter Te (majuscule) Molodtsov letter Te (minuscule)
Phrygian	Alphabet 8 c. BCE - 330 BCE	Phrygian letter A × Phrygian letter A a IPA: /a/, /aː/		Phrygian letter B (variant 1) × Phrygian letter B (variant 1) b IPA:/b/ Phrygian letter B (variant 2) × Phrygian letter B (variant 2) b IPA:/b/		Phrygian letter G × Phrygian letter G g IPA: /g/		Phrygian letter D (variant 1) × Phrygian letter D (variant 1) d IPA: /d/ Phrygian letter D (variant 2) × Phrygian letter D (variant 2) IPA: /d/			Phrygian letter E (variant 1) × Phrygian letter E (variant 1) e IPA: /e/, /e:/ Phrygian letter E (variant 2) × Phrygian letter E (variant 2) e IPA: /e/, /e:/			Phrygian letter V × Phrygian letter V w IPA: /w/	Phrygian letter U × Phrygian letter U u IPA: /u/, /u:/				Phrygian letter Z (variant 1) × Phrygian letter Z (variant 1) z ?zd IPA:/z/ (/zd/?) Phrygian letter Z (variant 2) × Phrygian letter Z (variant 2) z ?zd IPA:/z/ (/zd/?) Phrygian letter Z (variant 3) × Phrygian letter Z (variant 3) z ?zd IPA:/z/ (/zd/?) Phrygian letter Z (variant 4) × Phrygian letter Z (variant 4) z ?zd IPA:/z/ (/zd/?)					Phrygian letter I × Phrygian letter I i IPA: /i/, /i:/	Phrygian letter Y (variant 1) × Phrygian letter Y (variant 1) j IPA: /j/ Phrygian letter Y (variant 2) × Phrygian letter Y (variant 2) j IPA: /j/	Phrygian letter K (variant 1) × Phrygian letter K (variant 1) k IPA: /k/ Phrygian letter K (variant 2) × Phrygian letter K (variant 2) k IPA: /k/ Phrygian letter K (variant 3) × Phrygian letter K (variant 3) k IPA: /k/ Phrygian letter K (variant 4) × Phrygian letter K (variant 4) k IPA: /k/ Phrygian letter K (variant 5) × Phrygian letter K (variant 5) k IPA: /k/	Phrygian letter L × Phrygian letter L l IPA: /l/	Phrygian letter M × Phrygian letter M m IPA: /m/	Phrygian letter N × Phrygian letter N n IPA: /n/			Phrygian letter O × Phrygian letter O o IPA: /o/		Phrygian letter P × Phrygian letter P p IPA: /p/					Phrygian letter R × Phrygian letter R r IPA: /r/	Phrygian letter S (variant 1) × Phrygian letter S (variant 1) s IPA: /s/ Phrygian letter S (variant 2) × Phrygian letter S (variant 2) s IPA: /s/ Phrygian letter S (variant 3) × Phrygian letter S (variant 3) s IPA: /s/ Phrygian letter S (variant 4) × Phrygian letter S (variant 4) s IPA: /s/						Phrygian letter T × Phrygian letter T t IPA: /t/
*Hypothetical Original Paleohispanic script*	Semi-syllabary ??? - ???
*Hypothetical Original Southern Paleohispanic script*	Semi-syllabary ??? - ???
Southwestern Paleohispanic	Semi-syllabary ?7 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Southwestern Paleohispanic letter A × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter A a Southwestern Paleohispanic letter O × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter O o		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter P(e) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter P(e) p(e)		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter K(a) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter K(a) k(a)		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter T(u) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter T(u) t(u)			Southwestern Paleohispanic letter P(a) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter P(a) p(a)				Southwestern Paleohispanic letter U × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter U u					Southwestern Paleohispanic letter ?H (variant 1) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter ?H (variant 1) ?h Southwestern Paleohispanic letter ?H (variant 2) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter ?H (variant 2) ?h		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter T(i) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter T(i) t(i)		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter I × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter I i		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter K(e) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter K(e) k(e)	Southwestern Paleohispanic letter L × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter L l	Southwestern Paleohispanic letter M × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter M m	Southwestern Paleohispanic letter N × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter N n	Southwestern Paleohispanic letter S × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter S s		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter E × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter E e		Southwestern Paleohispanic letter P(o) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter P(o) p(o)				Southwestern Paleohispanic letter K(i) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter K(i) k(i)	Southwestern Paleohispanic letter R × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter R r	Southwestern Paleohispanic letter Ś × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter Ś ś						Southwestern Paleohispanic letter T(a) × Southwestern Paleohispanic letter T(a) t(a)
Southeastern Iberian	Semi-syllabary 4 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Southeastern Iberian letter A × Southeastern Iberian letter A a Southeastern Iberian letter O × Southeastern Iberian letter O o		Southeastern Iberian letter Ba × Southeastern Iberian letter Ba ba		Southeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka × Southeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka		Southeastern Iberian letter Du/Tu × Southeastern Iberian letter Du/Tu du/tu			Southeastern Iberian letter Be × Southeastern Iberian letter Be be				Southeastern Iberian letter U × Southeastern Iberian letter U u							Southeastern Iberian letter Di/Ti × Southeastern Iberian letter Di/Ti di/ti		Southeastern Iberian letter I × Southeastern Iberian letter I i		Southeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke × Southeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke ge/ke	Southeastern Iberian letter L × Southeastern Iberian letter L l		Southeastern Iberian letter N × Southeastern Iberian letter N n	Southeastern Iberian letter S × Southeastern Iberian letter S s		Southeastern Iberian letter E × Southeastern Iberian letter E e		Southeastern Iberian letter Bu × Southeastern Iberian letter Bu bu				Southeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki × Southeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki	Southeastern Iberian letter Ŕ × Southeastern Iberian letter Ŕ ŕ	Southeastern Iberian letter Ś × Southeastern Iberian letter Ś ś						Southeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta × Southeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta da/ta
*Hypothetical Original Northeastern Iberian script*	Semi-syllabary ??? - ???
Dual Northeastern Iberian	Semi-syllabary 5 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Dual Northeastern Iberian letter A × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter A a		Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi bi Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba ba		Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ka × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ka ka Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga ga		Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Tu × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Tu tu Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du du														Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Te × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Te te Dual Northeastern Iberian letter De × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter De de		Dual Northeastern Iberian letter I × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter I i Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ki × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ki ki Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi gi		Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge ge Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ke × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ke ke	Dual Northeastern Iberian letter L × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter L l		Dual Northeastern Iberian letter N × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter N n					Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu bu					Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ ŕ	Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś ś						Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ta × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ta ta Dual Northeastern Iberian letter da × Dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da da
Non-dual Northeastern Iberian	Semi-syllabary 5 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter A a		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bi bi Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ba ba		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/u × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Du/Tu du/tu														Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter De/Te de/te		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter I i Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ge/Ke ke	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter L l		Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter N n					Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Bu bu					Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ŕ ŕ	Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Ś ś						Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual Northeastern Iberian letter Da/Ta da/ta
Dual Western Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Dual West Celtiberian letter A × Dual West Celtiberian letter A a		Dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa		Dual West Celtiberian letter Ga × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ga ga Dual West Celtiberian letter Ka × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ka ka		Dual West Celtiberian letter Du × Dual West Celtiberian letter Du du Dual West Celtiberian letter Tu × Dual West Celtiberian letter Tu tu														Dual West Celtiberian letter De × Dual West Celtiberian letter De de Dual West Celtiberian letter Te × Dual West Celtiberian letter Te te		Dual West Celtiberian letter I × Dual West Celtiberian letter I i Dual West Celtiberian letter Gi × Dual West Celtiberian letter Gi gi Dual West Celtiberian letter Ki × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ki ki		Dual West Celtiberian letter Ge × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ge ge Dual West Celtiberian letter Ke × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ke ke	Dual West Celtiberian letter L × Dual West Celtiberian letter L l		Dual West Celtiberian letter N × Dual West Celtiberian letter N n					Dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu					Dual West Celtiberian letter R × Dual West Celtiberian letter R r	Dual West Celtiberian letter S × Dual West Celtiberian letter S s						Dual West Celtiberian letter Da × Dual West Celtiberian letter Da da Dual West Celtiberian letter Ta × Dual West Celtiberian letter Ta ta
Non-dual Western Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter A × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter A a		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Du/Tu × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Du/Tu du/tu														Non-dual West Celtiberian letter De/Te × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter De/Te de/te		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter I × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter I i Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke ge/ke	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter L × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter L l		Non-dual West Celtiberian letter N × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter N n					Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu					Non-dual West Celtiberian letter R × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter R r	Non-dual West Celtiberian letter S × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter S s						Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual West Celtiberian letter Da/Ta da/ta
Dual Eastern Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A a		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga ga Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ka × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ka ka		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du du Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Tu × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Tu tu														Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De de Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Te × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Te te		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I i Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi gi Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ki × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ki ki		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge ge Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ke × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ke ke	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L l		Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N n					Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu					Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R r	Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S s						Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da da Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ta × Dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ta ta
Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian	Semi-syllabary 3 c. BCE - 1 c. CE	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter A a		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bi/Pi bi/pi Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ba/Pa ba/pa		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ga/Ka ga/ka		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du/Tu × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Du/Tu du/tu														Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De/Te × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter De/Te de/te		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter I i Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Gi/Ki gi/ki		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Ge/Ke ge/ke	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter L l		Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter N n					Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Bu/Pu bu/pu					Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter R r	Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter S s						Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da/Ta × Non-dual Eastern Celtiberian letter Da/Ta da/ta
Sidetic	Alphabet ?5 c. - ?3 c. BCE														Sidetic letter U × Sidetic letter U u IPA: /u/							Sidetic letter Θ (variant 1) × Sidetic letter Θ (variant 1) θ IPA: /tʰ/ Sidetic letter Θ (variant 2) × Sidetic letter Θ (variant 2) θ IPA: /tʰ/		Sidetic letter I (variant 1) × Sidetic letter I (variant 1) i IPA: /i/ Sidetic letter I (variant 2) × Sidetic letter I (variant 2) i IPA: /i/								Sidetic letter O (variant 1) × Sidetic letter O (variant 1) o IPA: /o/ Sidetic letter O (variant 2) × Sidetic letter O (variant 2) o IPA: /o/		Sidetic letter P × Sidetic letter P p IPA: /p/	Sidetic letter S (variant 1) × Sidetic letter S (variant 1) s IPA: /s/ Sidetic letter S (variant 2) × Sidetic letter S (variant 2) s IPA: /s/
Neo-Punic	Abjad ?4 c. BCE - ???	Neo-Punic letter ʾālep × Neo-Punic letter ʾālep ʾ		Neo-Punic letter Bēt × Neo-Punic letter Bēt b		Neo-Punic letter Gīml × Neo-Punic letter Gīml g		Neo-Punic letter Dālet × Neo-Punic letter Dālet d			Neo-Punic letter He × Neo-Punic letter He h				Neo-Punic letter Wāw × Neo-Punic letter Wāw w				Neo-Punic letter Zajin/Zayin × Neo-Punic letter Zajin/Zayin z	Neo-Punic letter Hēt × Neo-Punic letter Hēt ḥ		Neo-Punic letter Ṭēt × Neo-Punic letter Ṭēt ṭ		Neo-Punic letter Yod × Neo-Punic letter Yod j		Neo-Punic letter Kāp × Neo-Punic letter Kāp k	Neo-Punic letter Lāmed × Neo-Punic letter Lāmed l	Neo-Punic letter Mēm × Neo-Punic letter Mēm m	Neo-Punic letter Nūn × Neo-Punic letter Nūn n	Neo-Punic letter Śāmek × Neo-Punic letter Śāmek s		Neo-Punic letter ʿayin × Neo-Punic letter ʿayin ʿ		Neo-Punic letter Pē × Neo-Punic letter Pē p	Neo-Punic letter Ṩādē × Neo-Punic letter Ṩādē ṣ			Neo-Punic letter Qōp × Neo-Punic letter Qōp q	Neo-Punic letter Rēs/Resh × Neo-Punic letter Rēs/Resh r	Neo-Punic letter Šīn × Neo-Punic letter Šīn š						Neo-Punic letter Tāw × Neo-Punic letter Tāw t
Libyco-Berber	Abjad 2 c. BCE - 7 c. CE			Libyco-Berber letter B × Libyco-Berber letter B b		Libyco-Berber letter G (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter G (horizontal variant) g Libyco-Berber letter G (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter G (vertical variant) g		Libyco-Berber letter D (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter D (horizontal variant) d Libyco-Berber letter D (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter D (vertical variant) d							Libyco-Berber letter U (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter U (horizontal variant) u Libyco-Berber letter U (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter U (vertical variant) u				Libyco-Berber letter Ż (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Ż (horizontal variant) ż Libyco-Berber letter Ẓ (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Ẓ (horizontal variant) ẓ Libyco-Berber letter Ẓ (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Ẓ (vertical variant) ẓ Libyco-Berber letter Z × Libyco-Berber letter Z z	Libyco-Berber letter H × Libyco-Berber letter H h Libyco-Berber letter H (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter H (vertical variant) h		Libyco-Berber letter Ṭ (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Ṭ (horizontal variant) ṭ Libyco-Berber letter Ṭ (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Ṭ (vertical variant) ṭ		Libyco-Berber letter I (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter I (horizontal variant) i Libyco-Berber letter I (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter I (vertical variant) i		Libyco-Berber letter K (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter K (horizontal variant) k Libyco-Berber letter K (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter K (vertical variant) k	Libyco-Berber letter L (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter L (horizontal variant) l Libyco-Berber letter L (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter L (vertical variant) l	Libyco-Berber letter M (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter M (horizontal variant) m Libyco-Berber letter M (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter M (vertical variant) m	Libyco-Berber letter N × Libyco-Berber letter N n	Libyco-Berber letter S × Libyco-Berber letter S s				Libyco-Berber letter F (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter F (horizontal variant) f Libyco-Berber letter F (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter F (vertical variant) f	Libyco-Berber letter Ç (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Ç (horizontal variant) ç Libyco-Berber letter Ç (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Ç (vertical variant) ç			Libyco-Berber letter Q (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Q (horizontal variant) q	Libyco-Berber letter R × Libyco-Berber letter R r	Libyco-Berber letter Š (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Š (horizontal variant) š Libyco-Berber letter Š (vertical variant) × Libyco-Berber letter Š (vertical variant) š						Libyco-Berber letter T × Libyco-Berber letter T t Libyco-Berber letter T₁ (horizontal variant) × Libyco-Berber letter T₁ (horizontal variant) t₁
Tuareg Tifinagh	Abjad ??? - Present			Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yab (variant 1) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yab (variant 1) b Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yab (variant 2) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yab (variant 2) ⴱ b		Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yag × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yag g		Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yad (variant 1) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yad (variant 1) d Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yad (variant 2) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yad (variant 2) ⴷ d Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yad (variant 3) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yad (variant 3) d											Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaj × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaj ⵊ j Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaz × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaz ⵌ zh Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaż (variant 1) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaż (variant 1) ż Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaż (variant 2) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaż (variant 2) ż			Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaḍ × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaḍ ⴺ ḍ		Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yi × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yi ⵉ y		Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yak × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yak k	Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yal × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yal l	Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yam × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yam m	Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yan × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yan ⵏ n	Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yas (variant 1) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yas (variant 1) s Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yas (variant 2) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yas (variant 2) ⵙ s				Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaf (variant 1) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaf (variant 1) f Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaf (variant 2) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaf (variant 2) f				Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaq × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaq q	Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yar (variant 1) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yar (variant 1) r Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yar (variant 2) × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yar (variant 2) ⵔ r	Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yash/Yac × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yash/Yac š						Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yat × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yat ⵜ t Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaṭ₁ × Tuareg Tifinagh letter Yaṭ₁ t₁
Neo-Tifinagh	Alphabet 1980 CE - Present			Neo-Tifinagh letter Yab × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yab ⴱ b IPA: [b]		Neo-Tifinagh letter Yag × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yag ⴳ g IPA: [g]		Neo-Tifinagh letter Yad × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yad ⴷ d IPA: [d]							Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaw × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaw ⵡ w IPA: [w]				Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaz × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaz ⵣ z IPA: [z] Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaẓ × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaẓ ⵥ ẓ IPA: [zˤ]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaḥ × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaḥ ⵃ ḥ IPA: [ħ]		Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaḍ × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaḍ ⵃ ḍ IPA: [dˤ]		Neo-Tifinagh letter Yay × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yay ⵢ i IPA: [j]		Neo-Tifinagh letter Yak × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yak ⴽ k IPA: [k]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yal × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yal ⵍ l IPA: [l]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yam × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yam ⵎ m IPA: [m]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yan × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yan ⵏ n IPA: [n]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yas × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yas ⵙ s IPA: [s]				Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaf × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaf ⴼ f IPA: [f]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaṣ × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaṣ ⵚ ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaq × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaq ⵇ q IPA: [q]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yar × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yar ⵔ r IPA: [r]	Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaš (Yac) × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaš (Yac) ⵛ sh, c (š) IPA: [ʃ]						Neo-Tifinagh letter Yat × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yat ⵜ t IPA: [t] Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaṭ × Neo-Tifinagh letter Yaṭ ⵟ ṭ IPA: [tˤ]
Ancient South Arabian	Abjad 9 c. BCE - 7 c. CE	Ancient South Arabian letter Alef (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Alef (monumental variant) 𐩱 ʾ IPA: [ʔ] Ancient South Arabian letter Alef (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Alef (minuscule) 𐩱 ʾ IPA: [ʔ]		Ancient South Arabian letter Beth (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Beth (monumental variant) 𐩨 b IPA: [b] Ancient South Arabian letter Beth (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Beth (minuscule) 𐩨 b IPA: [b]		Ancient South Arabian letter Gimel (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Gimel (monumental variant) 𐩴 g IPA: [g] Ancient South Arabian letter Gimel (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Gimel (minuscule) 𐩴 g IPA: [g]		Ancient South Arabian letter Daleth (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Daleth (monumental variant) 𐩵 d IPA: [d] Ancient South Arabian letter Daleth (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Daleth (minuscule) 𐩵 d IPA: [d]	Ancient South Arabian letter Dhaleth (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Dhaleth (monumental variant) 𐩹 ḏ IPA: [ð] Ancient South Arabian letter Dhaleth (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Dhaleth (minuscule) 𐩹 ḏ IPA: [ð]	Ancient South Arabian letter Dhadhe (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Dhadhe (monumental variant) 𐩳 ḍ IPA: [ɬˤ] Ancient South Arabian letter Dhadhe (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Dhadhe (minuscule) 𐩳 ḍ IPA: [ɬˤ]	Ancient South Arabian letter He (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter He (monumental variant) 𐩠 h IPA: [h] Ancient South Arabian letter He (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter He (minuscule) 𐩠 h IPA: [h]				Ancient South Arabian letter Waw (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Waw (monumental variant) 𐩥 w IPA: [w], [uː] Ancient South Arabian letter Waw (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Waw (minuscule) 𐩥 w IPA: [w], [uː]				Ancient South Arabian letter Zayn (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Zayn (monumental variant) 𐩸 z IPA: [z] Ancient South Arabian letter Zayn (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Zayn (minuscule) 𐩸 z IPA: [z]	Ancient South Arabian letter Heth (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Heth (monumental variant) 𐩢 ḥ IPA: [ħ] Ancient South Arabian letter Heth (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Heth (minuscule) 𐩢 ḥ IPA: [ħ]	Ancient South Arabian letter Kheth (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Kheth (monumental variant) 𐩭 ḫ IPA: [x] Ancient South Arabian letter Kheth (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Kheth (minuscule) 𐩭 ḫ IPA: [x]	Ancient South Arabian letter Teth (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Teth (monumental variant) 𐩷 ṭ IPA: [tˤ] Ancient South Arabian letter Teth (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Teth (minuscule) 𐩷 ṭ IPA: [tˤ]	Ancient South Arabian letter Theth (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Theth (monumental variant) 𐩼 ẓ IPA: [θˤ] Ancient South Arabian letter Theth (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Theth (minuscule) 𐩼 ẓ IPA: [θˤ]	Ancient South Arabian letter Yodh (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Yodh (monumental variant) 𐩱 𐩺 IPA: [j], [iː] Ancient South Arabian letter Yodh (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Yodh (minuscule) 𐩱 𐩺 IPA: [j], [iː]		Ancient South Arabian letter Kaph (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Kaph (monumental variant) 𐩫 k IPA: [k] Ancient South Arabian letter Kaph (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Kaph (minuscule) 𐩫 k IPA: [k]	Ancient South Arabian letter Lamedh (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Lamedh (monumental variant) 𐩡 l IPA: [l] Ancient South Arabian letter Lamedh (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Lamedh (minuscule) 𐩡 l IPA: [l]	Ancient South Arabian letter Mem (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Mem (monumental variant) 𐩣 m IPA: [m] Ancient South Arabian letter Mem (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Mem (minuscule) 𐩣 m IPA: [m]	Ancient South Arabian letter Nun (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Nun (monumental variant) 𐩬 n IPA: [n] Ancient South Arabian letter Nun (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Nun (minuscule) 𐩬 n IPA: [n]	Ancient South Arabian letter Samekh (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Samekh (monumental variant) 𐩯 s³ (s) IPA: [s̪] Ancient South Arabian letter Samekh (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Samekh (minuscule) 𐩯 s³ (s) IPA: [s̪]	Ancient South Arabian letter Sat (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Sat (monumental variant) 𐩪 s¹ (š) IPA: [s] Ancient South Arabian letter Sat (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Sat (minuscule) 𐩪 s¹ (š) IPA: [s]	Ancient South Arabian letter Ayn (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Ayn (monumental variant) 𐩲 ʿ IPA: [ʕ] Ancient South Arabian letter Ayn (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Ayn (minuscule) 𐩲 ʿ IPA: [ʕ]	Ancient South Arabian letter Ghayn (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Ghayn (monumental variant) 𐩶 ġ IPA: [ɣ] Ancient South Arabian letter Ghayn (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Ghayn (minuscule) 𐩶 ġ IPA: [ɣ]	Ancient South Arabian letter Fe (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Fe (monumental variant) 𐩰 f IPA: [f] Ancient South Arabian letter Fe (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Fe (minuscule) 𐩰 f IPA: [f]	Ancient South Arabian letter Sadhe (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Sadhe (monumental variant) 𐩮 ṣ IPA: [sˤ] Ancient South Arabian letter Sadhe (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Sadhe (minuscule) 𐩮 ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Ancient South Arabian letter Qoph (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Qoph (monumental variant) 𐩤 q IPA: [q] Ancient South Arabian letter Qoph (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Qoph (minuscule) 𐩤 q IPA: [q]	Ancient South Arabian letter Resh (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Resh (monumental variant) 𐩧 r IPA: [r] Ancient South Arabian letter Resh (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Resh (minuscule) 𐩧 r IPA: [r]	Ancient South Arabian letter Shin (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Shin (monumental variant) 𐩦 s² (ś) IPA: [ɬ] Ancient South Arabian letter Shin (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Shin (minuscule) 𐩦 s² (ś) IPA: [ɬ]						Ancient South Arabian letter Taw (monumental variant) × Ancient South Arabian letter Taw (monumental variant) 𐩩 t IPA: [t] Ancient South Arabian letter Taw (minuscule) × Ancient South Arabian letter Taw (minuscule) 𐩩 t IPA: [t]
Ge’ez	Abugida 5-6 c. BCE - Present	Ge'ez letter ʼÄlf		Ge'ez letter Bet		Ge'ez letter Gäml		Ge'ez letter Dänt		Ge'ez letter Ṣ́äppä	Ge'ez letter Hoy				Ge'ez letter Wäwe				Ge'ez letter Zäy	Ge'ez letter Ḥäwt	Ge'ez letter Ḫarm	Ge'ez letter Ṭäyt		Ge'ez letter Yämän		Ge'ez letter Kaf	Ge'ez letter Läwe	Ge'ez letter May	Ge'ez letter Nähas		Ge'ez letter Sat	Ge'ez letter ʽÄyn		Ge'ez letter Äf	Ge'ez letter Ṣädäy			Ge'ez letter Ḳaf	Ge'ez letter Rəʾs	Ge'ez letter Śäwt						Ge'ez letter Täwe
Ancient North Arabian	Abjad 8 c. BCE - 4 c. CE	Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Dadantic variant) 𐪑 ʾ IPA: [ʔ] Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Safaitic variant) ʾ IPA: [ʔ] Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Taymanitic variant) ʾ IPA: [ʔ] Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Alef (Hismaic variant) ʾ IPA: [ʔ]		Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Dadantic variant) 𐪈 b IPA: [b] Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Safaitic variant) b IPA: [b] Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Taymanitic variant) b IPA: [b] Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Beh (Hismaic variant) b IPA: [b]		Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Dadantic variant) 𐪔 g IPA: [g] Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Safaitic variant) g IPA: [g] Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Taymanitic variant) g IPA: [g] Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Geem (Hismaic variant) g IPA: [g]		Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Dadantic variant) 𐪕 d IPA: [d] Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Safaitic variant) d IPA: [d] Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Taymanitic variant) d IPA: [d] Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Dal (Hismaic variant) d IPA: [d]	Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Dadantic variant) 𐪙 ḏ IPA: [ð] Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Safaitic variant) ḏ IPA: [ð] Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Taymanitic variant) ḏ IPA: [ð] Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Hismaic variant) ḏ IPA: [ð]	Ancient North Arabian letter Dad (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Dad (Dadantic variant) 𐪓 ḍ IPA: [dˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Dad (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Dad (Safaitic variant) ḍ IPA: [dˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Thal (Taymanitic variant) ḏ IPA: [ð] Ancient North Arabian letter Dad (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Dad (Hismaic variant) ḍ IPA: [dˤ]	Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Dadantic variant) 𐪀 h IPA: [h] Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Safaitic variant) h IPA: [h] Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Taymanitic variant) h IPA: [h] Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Heh (Hismaic variant) h IPA: [h]				Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Dadantic variant) 𐪅 w IPA: [w], [uː] Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Safaitic variant) w IPA: [w], [uː] Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Taymanitic variant) w IPA: [w], [uː] Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Waw (Hismaic variant) w IPA: [w], [uː]				Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Dadantic variant) 𐪘 z IPA: [z] Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Safaitic variant) z IPA: [z] Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Taymanitic variant) z IPA: [z] Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zain (Hismaic variant) z IPA: [z]	Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Dadantic variant) 𐪂 ḥ IPA: [ħ] Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Safaitic variant) ḥ IPA: [ħ] Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Taymanitic variant) ḥ IPA: [ħ] Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Hah (Hismaic variant) ḥ IPA: [ħ]	Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Dadantic variant) 𐪍 ḫ IPA: [x] Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Safaitic variant) ḫ IPA: [x] Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Taymanitic variant) ḫ IPA: [x] Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Khah (Hismaic variant) ḫ IPA: [x]	Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Dadantic variant) 𐪗 ṭ IPA: [tˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Safaitic variant) ṭ IPA: [tˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Taymanitic variant) ṭ IPA: [tˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Tah (Hismaic variant) ṭ IPA: [tˤ]	Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Dadantic variant) 𐪜 ẓ IPA: [θˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Safaitic variant) ẓ IPA: [θˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Taymanitic variant) ẓ IPA: [θˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Zah (Hismaic variant) ẓ IPA: [θˤ]	Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Dadantic variant) 𐪚 y IPA: [y], [iː] Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Safaitic variant) y IPA: [y], [iː] Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Taymanitic variant) y IPA: [y], [iː] Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Yeh (Hismaic variant) y IPA: [y], [iː]		Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Dadantic variant) 𐪋 k IPA: [k] Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Safaitic variant) k IPA: [k] Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Taymanitic variant) k IPA: [k] Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Kaf (Hismaic variant) k IPA: [k]	Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Dadantic variant) 𐪁 l IPA: [l] Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Safaitic variant) l IPA: [l] Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Taymanitic variant) l IPA: [l] Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Lam (Hismaic variant) l IPA: [l]	Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Dadantic variant) 𐪃 m IPA: [m] Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Safaitic variant) m IPA: [m] Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Taymanitic variant) m IPA: [m] Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Meem (Hismaic variant) m IPA: [m]	Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Dadantic variant) 𐪌 n IPA: [n] Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Safaitic variant) n IPA: [n] Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Taymanitic variant) n IPA: [n] Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Noon (Hismaic variant) n IPA: [n]	Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Dadantic variant) 𐪏 s³ (s) IPA: [s] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Safaitic variant) s³ (s) IPA: [s] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Taymanitic variant) s³ (s) IPA: [s] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-3 (Hismaic variant) s³ (s) IPA: [s]	Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Dadantic variant) 𐪊 s¹ (š) IPA: [ʃ] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Safaitic variant) s¹ (š) IPA: [ʃ] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Taymanitic variant) s¹ (š) IPA: [ʃ] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-1 (Hismaic variant) s¹ (š) IPA: [ʃ]	Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Dadantic variant) 𐪒 ʿ IPA: [ʕ] Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Safaitic variant) ʿ IPA: [ʕ] Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Taymanitic variant) ʿ IPA: [ʕ] Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ain (Hismaic variant) ʿ IPA: [ʕ]	Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Dadantic variant) 𐪖 ġ IPA: [ɣ] Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Safaitic variant) ġ IPA: [ɣ] Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Taymanitic variant) ġ IPA: [ɣ] Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Ghain (Hismaic variant) ġ IPA: [ɣ]	Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Dadantic variant) 𐪐 f IPA: [f] Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Safaitic variant) f IPA: [f] Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Taymanitic variant) f IPA: [f] Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Feh (Hismaic variant) f IPA: [f]	Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Dadantic variant) 𐪎 ṣ IPA: [sˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Safaitic variant) ṣ IPA: [sˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Taymanitic variant) ṣ IPA: [sˤ] Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Sad (Hismaic variant) ṣ IPA: [sˤ]			Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Dadantic variant) 𐪄 q IPA: [q] Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Safaitic variant) q IPA: [q] Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Taymanitic variant) q IPA: [q] Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Qaf (Hismaic variant) q IPA: [q]	Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Dadantic variant) 𐪇 r IPA: [r] Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Safaitic variant) r IPA: [r] Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Taymanitic variant) r IPA: [r] Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Reh (Hismaic variant) r IPA: [r]	Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Dadantic variant) 𐪆 s² (ś) IPA: [ɬ] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Safaitic variant) s² (ś) IPA: [ɬ] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Taymanitic variant) s² (ś) IPA: [ɬ] Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Es-2 (Hismaic variant) s² (ś) IPA: [ɬ]						Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Dadantic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Dadantic variant) 𐪉 t IPA: [t] Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Safaitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Safaitic variant) t IPA: [t] Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Taymanitic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Taymanitic variant) t IPA: [t] Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Hismaic variant) × Ancient North Arabian letter Teh (Hismaic variant) t IPA: [t]
Byblos	Syllabary (or abugida) 18 c. BCE - 14 c. BCE																											Byblos letter ???	Byblos letter ???			Byblos letter ???
Meroitic Hieroglyphs	Abugida 3 c. BCE - 6 c. CE CE	Meroitic hieroglyph letter O × Meroitic hieroglyph letter O 𐦃																										Meroitic hieroglyph letter Na × Meroitic hieroglyph letter Na 𐦊						Meroitic hieroglyph letter Ra × Meroitic hieroglyph letter Ra 𐦎																	Meroitic hieroglyph letter Sa × Meroitic hieroglyph letter Sa 𐦓

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F1

𓃾

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O1

𓉐

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T14

𓌙

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. K1

𓆛

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. A28

𓀠

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T3

𓌉

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z4

𓏭

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. O6

𓉗

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F35

𓄤

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D42

𓂣

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D46

𓂧

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. S39

𓋿

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. N35

𓈖

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I10

𓆓

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. R11

𓊽

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D4

𓁹

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V28

𓎛

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D21

𓂋

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M22

𓇑

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V24

𓎗

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D1

𓁶

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. T9a

𓌓

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M39

𓇨

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Z9

𓏴

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M8

𓆷

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. I9

𓆑

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. M12

𓆼

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. F18

𓄑

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. Y1

𓏛

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. U29

𓍒

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. V31

𓎡

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. D37

𓂞

Egyptian Hieroglyph Gardiner's Sign No. X1

𓏏

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. O1

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. T14

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. Z4

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. O6

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. F35

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D42

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D46

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. S39

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. N35

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. I10

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D4

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. V28

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D21

Hieratic Egyptian Gardiner's Sign No. D1